M. Kurosu (Ed.): Human-Computer Interaction, Part I, HCII 2013, LNCS 8004, pp. 340–349, 2013.
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013
Special Challenges for Models and Patterns in Smart
Environments
Peter Forbrig, Christian Märtin, and Michael Zaki
University of Rostock, Department of Computer Science,
Albert Einstein Str. 21,
18055 Rostock, Germany
{peter.forbrig,christian.maertin,michael.zaki}@uni-rostock.de
Abstract. Smart environments aim at inferring the intention of the user and
based on that information, they offer optimal assistance for the users while per-
forming their tasks. This paper discusses the role of supportive user interfaces
for explicitly interacting with the environment in such cases where implicit inte-
ractions of the users fail or the users want to get informed about the state of the
environment. It will be shown by small examples how patterns help to specify
the intended support with implicit and explicit interactions. A notation for pres-
entation patterns will be introduced that allows users dynamically to change the
presentation style. It will be discussed how extended task models can be com-
bined with presentation patterns and how this information can be used in sup-
portive user interfaces on mobile devices.
Keywords: Smart Environment, model-based design, pattern, supportive user
interface, task migratability, task pattern, presentation patter.
1 Introduction
During the last few decades a lot of work has been accomplished by different research
teams to study prototypes of environments of assisting users performing their daily
life tasks. This research was often focused on elderly people but sometimes also
focuses on children (e.g. [3] and [16]).
Our paper is based on research within our graduate school MuSAMA (Multimodal
Smart Appliance Ensembles for Mobile Applications). The experimental basis is a
smart meeting room. The room is equipped with a lot of sensors, projectors and
cinema screens (see Fig. 1.).
Bayesian algorithms are informed by sensors and try to infer next possible actions
of the users. Based on that information, convenient assistance has to be provided.
“This creates complex and unpredictable interactive computing environments that
are hard to understand. Users thus have difficulties to build up their mental model of
such interactive systems. To address this issue users need possibilities to evaluate the
state of these systems and to adapt them according to their needs.” [13]