Volume 173, number 4 PHYSICS LETTERS B 19 June 1986
OBSERVATION OF HIGH ENERGY ELECTROMAGNETIC DIPOLE RADIATION
IN 14S + Ni REACTIONS AT Elab/A ----35 MeV
N. ALAMANOS 1, p. BRAUN-MUNZINGER, R.F. FREIFELDER 2, p. PAUL, J. STACHEL
Department of Physics, SUNY at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, N Y 11794, USA
T.C. AWES, R.L. FERGUSON, F.E. OBENSHAIN, F. PLASIL and G.R. YOUNG
Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
Received 1 April 1986
High energy photons (20 < Ev < 150 MeV) produced in inclusive 14N + Ni --* • + X reactions were unambiguously observed
in a Pb-glass detector array. The measured angular distributions exhibit a predominant dipole pattern. This rules out statistical
and/or nucleon-nucleon production mechanisms. The data indicate instead a more coherent production mechanism reflecting
the direction of relative motion of target and projectile.
In this communication we report a direct measure-
ment of high energy single photons produced with
large cross section in reactions induced by 14N on Ni
at Elab/A = 35 MeV. Photons with energies up to E7
150 MeV were unambiguously identified in this re-
action. While the photon energy spectra are in gen-
eral agreement with recent indirect measurements [1 ]
and measurements at higher energies [2], we establish,
for the first time, very anisotropic angular distribu-
tions which indicate a predominant dipole character
for the observed radiation in contrast to the expect-
ed quadrupole pattern [3] for coherent nucleus-
nucleus bremsstrahlung.
Data were taken using the 35 MeV/nucleon 14N
beam of the MSU K = 500 superconducting cyclotron
with an average intensity of 1.4 pnA to bombard na-
tural Ni targets with areal density of 19 mg/cm 2. The
experimental set-up is depicted in fig. 1. The photons
were detected in 4 telescopes each comprising 5 Pb-
glass ~erenkov detectors and, in front of each central
Pb-glass block, a i~erenkov plastic veto paddle ,1. Each
I Permanent address: DPh-N/BE, Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-
Yvette, France
2 Present address: GSI, D-61 Darmstadt, Fed. Rep. Germany.
,1 Cerenkov Plastic SCINTIPLEX-I, manufactured by Na-
tional Diagnostics, Somerville, NJ, USA.
392
plastic ~erenkov paddle
plastic .... ~ a rgel/30~"If-
~°~°~
Fig. 1. Experimental set-up. For details see text and ref. [5 ].
telescope was placed at a distance of 50 cm from the
target and at scattering angles 0~ r = 30 °, 60 °, 90 ° and
120 °, respectively, with an angular aperture of A0
= -+8 °. The large distance was chosen to allow neu-
tron-photon separation by time-of-flight and to avoid
summing of low energy statistical 7-rays. Tu suppress
cosmic ray background, and identify photons, a hit
in the central detector of each stack was required to-
gether with: (i) Prompt coincidence (within 9 ns) with
the beam pulse. (ii) Prompt coincidence (within 3 ns)
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