West Indian Med J 2009; 58 (2): 183 From: 1 Department of Surgery, Radiology, Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, and 2 Department of Pathology, The University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica, West Indies. Correspondence: Dr W Aiken, Department of Surgery, Radiology, Anaes- thesia and Intensive Care, Section of Surgery, The University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica, West Indies. Fax: 970-4302, e-mail: and a large, heterogeneously enhancing right renal mass measuring 14 (AP) x 12 (width) x 15 cm with several cystic areas (Fig. 1). The mass involved the psoas muscle and dis- CASE REPORTS Leiomyosarcoma of the Kidney W Aiken 1 , T Gibson 2 , S Williams 1 , D Gaskin 2 ABSTRACT The case of a 42- year old woman with leiomyosarcoma of the kidney, a very rare renal lesion, is presented. Leiomyosarcomas are the most common of the primary renal sarcomas which account for less than 1% of renal tumours in adults. El Leiomiosarcoma del Riñón W Aiken 1 , T Gibson 2 , S Williams 1 , D Gaskin 2 RESUMEN Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 43 años de edad con un leiomiosarcoma del riñón – una lesión renal muy rara. Los leiomiosarcomas son los más comunes de los sarcomas renales primarios, y representan menos del 1% de los tumores renales en adultos. West Indian Med J 2009; 58 (2): 183 INTRODUCTION Primary sarcomas of the kidney, first described by Berry in 1919 (1), account for less than 1% of kidney tumours in adults (2). Leiomyosarcomas, the most frequently occurring, comprise approximately 50% of cases (2). We describe a case of renal leiomyosarcoma seen at the University Hospital of the West Indies and comment on important characteristics of this lesion. Case Report A 42-year old woman presented to the Urology Clinic at the University Hospital of the West Indies (UHWI) with a 3- month history of dull right flank pain. There were no con- stitutional or lower urinary tract symptoms or haematuria. Examination revealed a well-nourished middle-aged woman with a ballotable, smooth, tender mass in the right flank. A diagnosis of a right renal tumour was made and a computed tomography (CT) scan demonstrated a normal left kidney Fig. 1: CT scan of abdomen demonstrating large right renal mass placed the inferior vena cava (IVC) medially. There was no para-aortic lymphadenopathy. Urine microscopy was normal as were her chest radiograph and serum biochemistry. Her haemoglobin was 11.2 g/dl.