Research Article Knowledge, Attitude, and Performance of ICU, CCU, and Emergency Wards Nurses in Kermanshah, Iran, regarding Organ Donation Maryam Janatolmakan, Ali Soroush, Roghayeh Nouri, Bahare Andayeshgar, and Alireza Khatony Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Correspondence should be addressed to Alireza Khatony; akhatony@gmail.com Received 30 May 2020; Accepted 17 September 2020; Published 27 September 2020 Academic Editor: Timothy E. Albertson Copyright©2020MaryamJanatolmakanetal.isisanopenaccessarticledistributedundertheCreativeCommonsAttribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Background. Providing an organ for donation is a major problem worldwide and nurses play an important role in facilitating the process of organ donation. is study is aimed at investigating the knowledge, attitude, and performance of nurses working in the ICU, CCU, and emergency wards regarding organ donation. Methods. In this descriptive-analytical study, 185 nurses working in ICU, CCU, and emergency wards were studied through systematic random sampling. e data collection was done by a self- administered questionnaire. Results. e mean knowledge of nurses was 8.9 ± 1.4 out of 10. ere was a significant relationship between knowledge of nurses regarding donation and religion and having organ donation card (P < 0.001). e mean attitude of nurses was 7.8 ± 2.2 out of 8. e variables, including “having a donation card and marriage,” were associated with attitude of nurses toward organ donation. e mean performance of nurses was 0.4 ± 0.7 out of 3. ere was a significant relationship between performance of nurses and having a donation card (P < 0.001). Knowledge was the strongest predictor of nurses’ performance (P < 0.01). Conclusion. e studied nurses showed sufficient knowledge and favorable attitude toward organ donation; however, they had poor performance. It is suggested to hold training courses to improve performance of nurses. e revision of the nursing students’ curriculum as future nurses should also be considered. 1. Introduction Organ donation and organ transplants are social activities used to survive and improve the lives of millions of people who have the chance to live [1, 2]. Organ failure has adverse effects on the quality of life of people, which results in mortality. Despite several advancements in medicine, organ transplant is the only treatment option for those with End- stage organ failure [3, 4]. However, many patients with organ failure die due to organ shortage for transplantation [5]. Today, the demand for organ transplants is increasing worldwide with an increasing number of those in the waiting list for organ transplantation [3, 6, 7]. Iran is considered as one of 30 countries with high demand for organ donation [8]. Accordingly, every 10 minutes, one person is added to the waiting list for organ transplant, and, every two hours, one patient dies while waiting for organ transplantation. In Iran, however, one person is dead every 70 minutes due to brain death [9]. Organ failure is a major concern worldwide, so promoting organ donation in all countries is essential [10]. Although organ donation is a personal issue, its process is complex and multidimensional, including medical, legal, ethical, organizational, and social aspects [10, 11]. Nurses are regarded as the key factors in facilitating the organ donation process, which can help prevent the loss of transplantable organs by obtaining family consent for organ donation. eir knowledge and attitude regarding organ donation can influence public opinion as well as the relatives’ decision about deceased organ donation [1, 12]. In the United Kingdom, the organ donation process is primarily Hindawi Critical Care Research and Practice Volume 2020, Article ID 5167623, 7 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5167623