ORIGINAL ARTICLE Tomophagus cattienensis sp. nov., a new Ganodermataceae species from Vietnam: Evidence from morphology and ITS DNA barcodes Xuan Tham Le & Quoc Hung Nguyen Le & Ngoc Duong Pham & Van Hop Duong & Bryn T. M. Dentinger & Jean-Marc Moncalvo Received: 15 April 2011 /Revised: 12 September 2011 /Accepted: 18 September 2011 /Published online: 13 November 2011 # German Mycological Society and Springer 2011 Abstract The polypore genus Tomophagus was created to segregate one peculiar species, Ganoderma colossum, from the genus Ganoderma. Recent molecular studies have established the validity of this monotypic genus. Here we report the discovery of a second species of Tomophagus, T. cattienensis sp. nov., from Cat Tien National Park in southern Vietnam, a lowland forest that has been designated as a Biosphere Reserve by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Recognition of this new species is based on combined evidence from morphology, cultural characteristics, and ITS rDNA barcodes. The discovery of this new species may have implications for the discovery of novel bioactive compounds for pharmaceu- tical use and/or for the pulp industry. Keywords Agaricomycetidae . Polyporales . Taxonomy . Biodiversity Introduction Ganoderma Karsten and allies (Ganodermataceae Donk, Polyporales, Agaricomycetidae) are a group of polypore fungi of significant economic importance. Several species cause severe losses to perennial crops in many tropical countries (Flood et al. 2000) and some are of great interest for medicinal and pharmaceutical purposes particularly in eastern Asia (Jong & Birmingham 1992, Lin and Zang 2004). Members of the Ganodermataceae are characterized and easily recognized by the unique presence of double- walled basidiospores. The monophyly of the group was confirmed in molecular phylogenetic analyses (Hibbett et al. 1997, Moncalvo et al. 2002). However, both generic and specific circumscription within the family has been difficult and controversial (Furtado 1965, Steyaert 1972, 1980, Corner 1983, Zhao 1989, Moncalvo and Ryvarden 1997, Moncalvo 2000). Murrill (1905a, b) created the genus Tomophagus to segregate G. colossum (Fr.) C.F. Baker from Ganoderma Taxonomical novelty: Tomophagus cattienensis Le Xuan Tham & J. M. Moncalvo X. T. Le : Q. H. Nguyen Le Center for Nuclear Techniques, Vietnam Atomic Energy Commission, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam N. D. Pham Cat Tien National Park, Dong Nai Province, Vietnam V. H. Duong Institute for Microorganism and Biotechnology, National University of Hanoi, Hanoi, Vietnam B. T. M. Dentinger (*) : J.-M. Moncalvo Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, & Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada e-mail: B.Dentinger@kew.org J.-M. Moncalvo e-mail: jeanmarcm@gmail.com Present Address: B. T. M. Dentinger Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3DS, United Kingdom Mycol Progress (2012) 11:775–780 DOI 10.1007/s11557-011-0789-3