Synthesis of Nanophase-Separated Poly(urethane-co-acrylic
acid) Network Films and Their Application for Magnetic
Nanoparticle Synthesis
Ju-Young Kim,
1
Dong-Hyun Shin,
1
Jee-Hyun Ryu,
2
Gyung-Hyun Choi,
3
Kyung-Do Suh
2
1
Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Samcheok National University, Samchok 245-711, South Korea
2
Division of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, South Korea
3
Department of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, South Korea
Received 3 June 2003; accepted 25 August 2003
ABSTRACT: Poly(urethane-co-acrylic acid) films were
synthesized by the copolymerization of urethane acrylate
nonionomer (UAN) and acrylic acid (AA) under different
conditions. Poly(urethane-co-acrylic acid) films exhibited
very different mechanical properties, attributed to the mi-
crostructural difference with the type of solvents used in the
film preparation. The film synthesized using UAN/AA/
water mixture had a relatively highly nanophase separated
structure compared to that of the other films prepared using
UAN/AA/dioxane mixture, resulting in higher mechanical
property and glass-transition temperature. The nanostruc-
tural differences could be also confirmed by atomic force
microscopy measurements. Magnetic nanocomposite films
synthesized based on UAN/AA/water and UAN/AA/di-
oxane mixtures showed different sizes of magnetic nanopar-
ticles, attributed to the differences of size of hydrophilic
nanodomains. The higher the degree of nanophase separa-
tion within poly(urethane-co-acrylic acid) films, the larger
the size of hydrophilic nanodomains, resulting in formation
of larger nanoparticles. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl
Polym Sci 91: 3549 –3556, 2004
Key words: poly(urethane-co-acrylic acid) film; urethane ac-
rylate nonionomer (UAN); nanophase separation; magnetic
nanoparticle; hydrophilic nanodomain
INTRODUCTION
Recently, a number of investigations on nanoparticles
dispersed within polymer matrix have been carried
out because these materials can provide various new
properties that result from the combination of proper-
ties both from inorganic components and polymers.
The polymeric matrix provides the processability and
the flexibility, whereas, at the same time, inorganic
nanosized particles confer unique properties that dif-
fer from their bulk materials and atoms. As a conse-
quence, nanocomposite films having novel catalytic,
magnetic, and optical properties can be obtained.
1–18
Most of polymers used in the synthesis of nanocom-
posite films have hydrophilic segments and hydro-
phobic segments at the same molecules (amphiphilic
polymer). Hydrophilic segments can solubilize or ad-
here to inorganic materials through dipolar interac-
tion, hydrogen bonding, complex formation, or cova-
lent bonding and stabilize the formed nanosized par-
ticles through steric or electrosteric stabilization.
1–5
Hydrophobic segments can lead to smaller particle
size with narrow size distributions and high colloidal
stability. There are several types of amphiphilic poly-
mers used in the nanocomposite matrix such as non-
ionic, anionic, or cationic homopolymers, random co-
polymer, and diblock copolymer. The use of am-
phiphilic block becomes increasingly attractive
because methods of synthesizing nanoparticles in
microphase-separated diblock copolymer provide
greater control over particle formation.
3–10,17,18
How-
ever, amphiphilic block copolymers, which are very
expensive materials, can be obtained only by an ex-
tremely difficult synthetic process, and some am-
phiphilic homopolymers lack desirable mechanical
properties, leading to limiting the application of poly-
mer films containing metal nanoparticles.
Although amphiphilic urethane acrylate chains hav-
ing hydrophilic moieties, such as carboxylic, sulfonic
acid, amino groups, and polyoxyethylene (POE)
groups, have been widely used as water-borne UV
coatings,
19,20
little work has been reported on the use
of these chains as nanocomposite matrix. In our pre-
vious works, we could synthesize nanophase-sepa-
rated amphiphilic polyurethane networks through
crosslinking polymerization of urethane acrylate non-
ionomers (UANs) as well as magnetic nanoparticles
within these polyurethane networks.
21,22
Morphology
and size of magnetic nanoparticles formed within
these networks were largely changed with type of
solvent used in the synthesis of networks.
Correspondence to: K.-D. Suh (kdsuh@hanyang.ac.kr).
Contract grant sponsor: Hanyang University, Seoul; con-
tract grant number: HY-2001.
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 91, 3549 –3556 (2004)
© 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.