Open Peer Review F1000 Faculty Reviews are commissioned from members of the prestigious F1000 . In order to make these reviews as Faculty comprehensive and accessible as possible, peer review takes place before publication; the referees are listed below, but their reports are not formally published. Discuss this article (0) Comments REVIEW Marine archaea and archaeal viruses under global change [version 1; referees: 2 approved] Roberto Danovaro , Eugenio Rastelli , Cinzia Corinaldesi , Michael Tangherlini , Antonio Dell'Anno 2 Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples, Italy Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy Department of Sciences and Engineering of Materials, Environment and Urbanistics, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy Equal contributors Abstract Global change is altering oceanic temperature, salinity, pH, and oxygen concentration, directly and indirectly influencing marine microbial food web structure and function. As microbes represent >90% of the ocean’s biomass and are major drivers of biogeochemical cycles, understanding their responses to such changes is fundamental for predicting the consequences of global change on ecosystem functioning. Recent findings indicate that marine archaea and archaeal viruses are active and relevant components of marine microbial assemblages, far more abundant and diverse than was previously thought. Further research is urgently needed to better understand the impacts of global change on virus–archaea dynamics and how archaea and their viruses can interactively influence the ocean’s feedbacks on global change. Keywords Marine archaea, archaeal viruses, Thaumarchaeota 1,2* 1,2* 3 2 2 1 2 3 * Referee Status: Invited Referees version 1 published 27 Jul 2017 1 2 , Institut National de la Stéphan Jacquet Recherche Agronomique, UMR CARRTEL, France 1 , University of Southern Jed Fuhrman California, USA 2 27 Jul 2017, (F1000 Faculty Rev):1241 (doi: First published: 6 ) 10.12688/f1000research.11404.1 27 Jul 2017, (F1000 Faculty Rev):1241 (doi: Latest published: 6 ) 10.12688/f1000research.11404.1 v1 Page 1 of 8 F1000Research 2017, 6(F1000 Faculty Rev):1241 Last updated: 15 AUG 2018