www.ijbcp.com International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology | November-December 2016 | Vol 5 | Issue 6 Page 2649
IJBCP International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology
Print ISSN: 2319-2003 | Online ISSN: 2279-0780
Original Research Article
Recent scenario on psychotropic drug usage pattern among patients
attending psychiatric outpatient department of a tertiary care teaching
hospital in Nepal
Vijay Raj Kaul
1
, Mirza Atif Beg
2
*, Shaktibala Dutta
2
, Shalu Bawa
2
, Nand Kishore Singh
3
,
Sri Hari Dutta
4
INTRODUCTION
Psychiatric disorders form an important public health
priority. Of the top ten health conditions contributing to
the Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), four are
psychiatric disorders. Psychiatric illnesses are associated
with high levels of health service utilization and
associated costs.
1,2
The expanding and challenging field of
psychopharmacology is constantly seeking new and
improved psychotropic drugs to treat psychiatric
disorders.
3
Psychiatrists are continuously exposed to newly
introduced drugs that are claimed to be safe and more
efficacious. Newer drugs are however known to be
expensive and unaffordable to the majority of patients,
especially in developing countries. Although
ABSTRACT
Background: Due to increasing burden of psychiatric illnesses, it is essential to
study the psychotropic drug utilization pattern in actual clinical practice. The
objective of the study was to study the psychotropic drug usage pattern among
patients attending psychiatric OPD of a tertiary care teaching hospital in Nepal.
Methods: This observational retrospective study was conducted in Nepal Gunj
Medical College, Nepal for a period of 6 months from January 2016 to June
2016. A total of 282 prescriptions from Psychiatric OPD were analysed for drug
usage pattern. Prescriptions containing at least one psychotropic drug were
included. Data was measured for number and percentage of prescriptions or
drugs, using selected World Health Organization (WHO) drug use indicators.
Results: A total of 282 prescriptions from Psychiatric OPD were analysed.
Patients had a mean age of 35.01±1.17 years. Male and Female %age was
41.49% and 58.51% respectively. Majority of the patients (47.52%) were in 31-
45 years age group. 70.57% patients were literate. Depression was the leading
psychiatric illness seen in 144 (51.06%) patients followed by Anxiety disorders
which were seen in 60 (21.28%) patients. A total of 2463 drugs were prescribed
which included 591 (23.99%) antipsychotic drugs followed by 462 (18.76%)
antidepressants, 390 (15.83%) antiepileptics, 312 (12.67%) supplements, 276
(11.21%) antianxiety, 171 (6.94%) antacids, 165 (6.7%) anticholinergics, 96
(3.9%) drugs in miscellaneous category. Drugs prescribed per prescription were
8.73 and psychotropic drugs per prescription were 6.09. Number of oral and
injectable drugs were 2313 (93.91%) and 150 (6.09%) respectively. 87 fixed
dose combinations (FDCs) of psychotropic drugs were prescribed. 903
(36.66%) drugs were prescribed from WHO’s 18th List of Essential Medicines.
Conclusions: Depression was the most common psychiatric illness and
antipsychotics were the most commonly prescribed medicines in psychiatry
OPD. Majority of the prescriptions revealed polypharmacy.
Keywords: Drug utilization pattern, Psychotropic drugs, Polypharmacy, WHO
drug use indicators
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20164140
1
Department of Psychiatry,
Nepal Gunj Medical College,
Nepal
2
Department of Pharmacology,
SGRRIM and HS, Patel Nagar,
Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
3
Department of Psychiatry,
SGRRIM and HS, Patel Nagar,
Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
4
Immunization Specialist
(Supply Chain), Regional Office
for South Asia, Lekhnath Marg,
Kathmandu, Nepal
Received: 04 October 2016
Accepted: 03 November 2016
*Correspondence to:
Dr. Mirza Atif Beg,
Email: mabeg1997@gmail.com
Copyright: © the author(s),
publisher and licensee Medip
Academy. This is an open-
access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative
Commons Attribution Non-
Commercial License, which
permits unrestricted non-
commercial use, distribution,
and reproduction in any
medium, provided the original
work is properly cited.