Pergamon
Journal of School Psychology,Vol. 35. No. 2, pp. 1(17-136, 1997
Copyright © 1997 Society for the Studv of School Psychology
Printed in the USA
0022-4405/97 $17.(1(I + .0(t
PII S0022-4405(97)00003-4
The Elaboration Likelihood Model:
Implications for the Practice of School Psychology
Richard £ Petty
Ohio State University
Martin Heesacker
University of Florida
Jan N. Hughes
Texas A & M University
Understanding the formation and change of attitudes is important to the practice
of school psychology. We review a contemporary theory of attitude change, the
Elaboration Likelihood Model of persuasion (ELM, Petty & Cacioppo, 1981, 1986),
and address its relevance to school psychology. The ELM provides an integralive
Ii'amework tot understanding the antecedents and consequences of attitude
change and specifies the various processes by which source, message, recipient,
channel, and context variables have an impact on attitudes. A key postulate in the
ELM is that attitude change can result ti-om relatively thoughtful (central route) or
nonthoughfful (peripheral route) processes. The ELM also holds that the more
thoughtful the change, the more likely the new attitude is to persist, resist coun-
terpersuasion, and influence behavior. Illustrations of the utility of the ELM ior
school psychology are presented along with some caveats and research suggestions.
© 1997 Society for the Suldy of School Psychology
INTRODUCTION
Recently, a number of school psychologists have noted the importance of
attitudes to the practice of school psychology. For example, Cafferty (1992)
noted that:
Schools, like all complex organizations, are attitude arenas .... (The)
public, parents, teachers, students, administration, and staff- develop
and maintain attitudes toward each other and toward policies and prac-
tices relevant to school fimctioning. (p. 25)
Received February 21, 1994; accepted June 22, 1995.
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Richard E. Petty, Department of Psychol-
ogy, Ohio State University, 1885 Neil Avenue Mall, Columbus, OH 43210-1222. E-mail address:
petty,. 1 @osu.edu
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