Original Article
ISSN (Online): 2350-0530
ISSN (Print): 2394-3629
International Journal of Research - GRANTHAALAYAH
September 2021 9(9), 306-315
How to cite this article (APA): Sudaryo, Y., Sofiati, N. A., Kumaratih, I., Limakrisna, N., Haat, M. H. C., Muhammad, Z.,
Kusumawardani, A., Saputra, J. (2021). Factors That Affect Financial Distress in Indonesia. International Journal of Research -
GRANTHAALAYAH, 9(9), 306-315. doi: 10.29121/granthaalayah.v9.i9.2021.4269
306
FACTORS THAT AFFECT FINANCIAL DISTRESS IN INDONESIA
Yoyo Sudaryo
1
, Nunung Ayu, Sofiati (Efi)
2
, Ita Kumaratih
3
, Nandan Limakrisna
4
,
Mohd Hassan Che Haat
5
, Zikri Muhammad
6
, Astrin Kusumawardani
7
, Jumadil Saputra
8
1, 2, 3, 7
Indonesia Membangun University, Bandung, Indonesia.
4
Persada Indonesia University Y.A.I, Jakarta, Indonesia.
5, 6, 8
Faculty of Business, Economics and Social Development Universiti Malaysia Terengganu.
Received 1 September 2021
Accepted 15 September2021
Published 30 September2021
Corresponding Author
Yoyo Susdaryo,
y.sudaryo2@gmail.com
DOI
10.29121/granthaalayah.v9.i9.2021.
4269
Funding: This research received no
specific grant from any funding agency in
the public, commercial, or not-for-profit
sectors.
Copyright: © 2021 The Author(s).
This is an open access article
distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution
License, which permits unrestricted
use, distribution, and reproduction in
any medium, provided the original
author and source are credited.
ABSTRACT
The results show that, it is proven that the variable liquidity and interest rates have a
negative effect on financial distress. Meanwhile, the variables of Profitability, Leverage
and Company Size have a positive effect on financial distress. While the Economic
Stimulus variable is known to be the relationship between all variables of Liquidity,
Profitability, Leverage, Company Size and Interest Rate on variables to Financial Distress.
This means that company leaders must take into account liquidity, profitability, leverage,
company size and interest rates to avoid financial distress.
Keywords: Liquidity, Profitability, Leverage, Company Size, Interest Rates, Financial
Distress
1. INTRODUCTION
A company can be categorized as experiencing financial distress if the
company has a performance that shows negative net income. When firm
experiences corporate financial distress, the operating conditions of the firm
deteriorate thus leading to heavy financial burden on the firm resulting to
inability of the firm in paying both secured, preferential and unsecured creditors
(Garlappi and Yan, 2011; Benmelech et al., 2012) in Fredrick (2019).
Liquidity ratios show the entity’s ability to meet its short-term liabilities, as
the weakness of the value of these ratios indicates that the organization may face
difficulties in meeting short-term financial liabilities (Amengor, 2010) in Durrah
(2016).
Type of Financial Ratios Profitability Ratios Brigham and Houston (2010:
149) in Dai (2016) argues that the ratio of profitability is a group that shows the
ratio of the combination of the effects of liquidity, asset management, and debt
on operating results, From the above definition it is known that a ratio that
provides information on a company's ability to benefit by utilizing the resources
available within the company.
Leverage ratio is a ratio that measures the ratio of funds provided by the
owner of funds borrowed from creditor companies. This ratio shows the
company's ability to meet its financial obligations, both short and long term
(Abdul:2013) in Makiwan (2018). In this study, leverage is measured by a debt
asset ratio (DAR). Debt asset ratio (DAR) is the ratio of debt to total assets which
can be called a debt ratio, which measures the percentage of funds originating
from debt. What is meant by debt is all debts owned by the company, both short-