Systematic Review
Gynecol Obstet Invest 2018;83:105–115
Subclinical Hypothyroidism Impact on the
Characteristics of Patients with Polycystic
Ovary Syndrome. A Meta-Analysis of
Observational Studies
Sebastião Freitas de Medeiros
a, b
Matheus Antônio Souto de Medeiros
b
Cinthia Marenza Ormond
b
Jacklyne Silva Barbosa
b
Márcia Marly Winck Yamamoto
b
a
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical School, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso, Brazil;
b
Tropical Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Menopause, Cuiabá, Brazil
Received: April 19, 2017
Accepted after revision: November 21, 2017
Published online: December 19, 2017
Sebastião Freitas de Medeiros
Rua: Almirante Henrique
Pinheiro Guedes, 195, Bairro: Duque de Caxias
Cuiabá, MT CEP 78043-306 (Brazil)
E-Mail de.medeiros @terra.com.br
© 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel
E-Mail karger@karger.com
www.karger.com/goi
DOI: 10.1159/000485619
Keywords
Hyperandrogenism · Polycystic ovary syndrome ·
Subclinical hypothyroidism · Thyroid dysfunction
Abstract
Background/Aims: Definitive polycystic ovary syndrome
(PCOS) diagnosis should exclude thyroid dysfunctions. The
purpose of the study is to examine the impact of subclinical
hypothyroidism on the characteristics of PCOS patients.
Methods: A meta-analysis of the published observational
studies was conducted. Medline, Scopus, and Cochrane da-
tabase search was performed to identify the studies that
compared euthyroid PCOS and subclinical hypothyroidism
(SCH)-PCOS patients. A total of 9 studies were selected, total-
izing the inclusion of 1,537 euthyroid PCOS and 301 SCH-
PCOS. The data were expressed as raw mean difference and
standard error, using the random-effects model. Heteroge-
neity among studies was examined using the Cochran’s test
(Q) and I
2
statistics. Results: Anthropometrical parameters
were similar in both groups. Total cholesterol (TC) and tri-
glyceride (TG) were higher in SCH-PCOS (p = 0.036 and p =
0.012). High-density lipoprotein cholesterol was lower in the
SCH-PCOS group (p = 0.018). Fasting glucose was lower in
euthyroid PCOS (p = 0.022). All androgen levels were similar
in both group (p > 0.05 for all). Conclusion: TC, TG and fast-
ing glucose were higher in SCH-PCOS patients. Because of
the heterogeneity among studies, some summarized results
should be interpreted with caution. Consistent data for fu-
ture studies addressing PCOS diagnosis are provided.
© 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel
Introduction
The most common clinical features of polycystic ova-
ry syndrome (PCOS) include oligomenorrhea, amenor-
rhea, infertility, hirsutism, weight gain, central obesity,
and acanthosis nigricans. Hormonally, it can present el-
evated luteinizing hormone (LH) levels with normal or
slightly decreased levels of follicle-stimulating hor-
mone, hyperandrogenemia, hyperinsulinemia, and nor-
mal levels of cortisol (F), prolactin (PRL), thyroid-stim-
ulating hormone (TSH), thyroxine (T4), and free thy-
roxin (FT4) [1]. Low levels of sex hormone
binding-globulin (SHBG) may represent a hyperinsu-
linemic status. Dyslipidemia, dysglycemia, and insulin
resistance, frequents in PCOS patients, increase the