International Surgery Journal | June 2020 | Vol 7 | Issue 6 Page 1830
International Surgery Journal
Karnawat AV et al. Int Surg J. 2020 Jun;7(6):1830-1835
http://www.ijsurgery.com
pISSN 2349-3305 | eISSN 2349-2902
Original Research Article
Systemic inflammatory response syndrome as a predictor of poorer
outcomes in diabetic foot infection: a prospective analytical study
Anand Vinay Karnawat
1
, Vijayakumar Chellappa
1
, Balasubramanian Gopal
1
*,
Rajkumar Nagarajan
1
, Krishnamachari Srinivasan
2
INTRODUCTION
Diabetes mellitus has been a global epidemic of 21
st
century. In 2015, International Diabetes Federation (IDF)
published its seventh atlas, which estimated that 415
million people among the adults of age group 20-79 years
worldwide are suffering from diabetes mellitus. Which
amounts to 8.8% of adults aged between 20-79 years of
age. One in eleven adults is suffering from diabetes
mellitus. Taking ongoing trends into consideration IDF
predicted by 2040, 642 million people worldwide will be
diabetic. India is house for 69.2 million diabetics. It ranks
second in the absolute number of diabetics following
China at first place.
1
Most dreaded complication of diabetes mellitus is lower
extremity amputations. Patients who are undergoing
lower extremity amputation will require ipsilateral or
contralateral amputation within next three to five years.
Five-year mortality related to diabetic foot ulcer is very
high. According to Moulik et al, five-year mortality rate
for patients with diabetic foot ulcer is 45%, 18% and 55%
ABSTRACT
Background: This study was done to diagnose the severity of infection in a group of hospitalized diabetic foot
infection (DFI) patients based on the presence or absence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and
compare the outcomes.
Methods: This was a single-center cohort study, in which 50 consecutive DFI patients having SIRS and 50
consecutive patients not having SIRS were included. Patients were followed for the duration of the hospital stay;
parameters for glycaemic control, minor and major amputation, microbial culture, duration of hospital and ICU stay
and mortality was recorded.
Results: The relative risk of major amputation among the patients of DFI who presented with SIRS was 2.66 times
higher compared to who was not having SIRS at presentation (95% CI, 1.56-4.55). The presence of polymicrobial
infection also had a statistically significant association with the incidence of major amputation. The duration of
hospital stay was ~9.5 days longer in the DFI patients who presented with SIRS compared to who was not having
SIRS at the time of presentation [8.00 (4.00-20.50) days versus 17.50 (10.75-38.25) days]. DFI patients with SIRS
required a significantly prolonged ICU.
Conclusions: SIRS can be used as objective criteria to predict poorer outcomes in the diabetic foot infection patient
and also to classify it.
Keywords: DFI, Morbitity, Sepsis, SIRS, Quality of life
1
Department of Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER),
Pondicherry, India
2
Department of Surgery, Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College and Hospital, Puducherry India
Received: 01 March 2020
Revised: 10 April 2020
Accepted: 30 April 2020
*Correspondence:
Dr. Balasubramanian Gopal,
E-mail: drbala18@gmail.com
Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20202391