NTh2A.3.pdf Advanced Photonics Congress © 2012 OSA
Supercontinuum generation with picosecond ultraviolet
pulses in a solid-core photonic crystal fiber
T. Sylvestre
1
, M. W. Lee
1
, A. R. Ragueh
1
, B. Stiller
1
, G. Fanjoux
1
,
B. Barviau
2
, A. Mussot
2
and A. Kudlinski
2
1: Institut FEMTO-ST, Département d’Optique, Université de Franche-Comté, CNRS UMR 6174, F-25000 Besançon, France
2: Laboratoire PhLAM, Université de Lille 1, CNRS UMR 8523, IRCICA, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
Abstract: Black light supercontinuum generation is demonstrated as a result of picosecond
pumping a solid-core photonic crystal fiber at 355~nm through the combined effects of
intermodal four-wave mixing and cascaded Raman scattering.
OCIS codes: 190.4370, 190.5650, 190.4005.
The study of supercontinuum (SC) generation in photonic crystal fibers (PCF) continues to be an area of active
research, motivated by many applications in bio-photonics, optical metrology, spectroscopy, and imaging.
Although many previous reports on SC generation have used PCFs pumped with near infrared or visible lasers
[1–5], studies of SC generation using UV laser have not yet been investigated.
In this work, we report the observation of a broadband continuum spanning from 350 to 470 nm, i.e., in the
black-light region of the electromagnetic spectrum, as a result of picosecond pumping a solid-core silica
photonic crystal fiber at 355 nm. This was achieved despite both the strong absorption and large normal group-
velocity dispersion (GVD) of silica glass in the UV. Further investigations reveal that the continuum generation
results from the interplay of intermodally phase-matched four-wave mixing and cascaded Raman scattering.
In our experiment, we used a standard solid-core silica PCF similar to those usually used for SC generation when
pumping at 1064 nm in the small anomalous dispersion regime [4]. It has a triangular lattice with pitch and holes
diameters of 3.88 µm and 2.73 µm, respectively. Its zero-dispersion wavelength is 1044 nm. At 355 nm, our PCF
exhibits a large normal GVD dominated by material dispersion (D=-1720 ps/nm/km). In addition, the PCF
carries several propagation modes at 355 nm that have been numerically identified as the LP
01
, LP
11
and LP
31
modes using a finite element method.
Fig. 1. Left Top : (a) Output spectra for increasing input power from 0.5 to 4 mW showing black-
light continuum generation in the UV-A-visible from 350 nm up to the blue at 470 nm in a 30 m-
long silica PCF pumped at 355-nm with 300-ps Q-switched pulses. Left bottom : (b) Output
spectra in shorter fiber samples showing the FWM sidebands (blue) and cascaded Raman
scattering (red and green) responsibles for SC generation. Right images show respectively the UV
(c) and visible (d) parts of the continuum, the optical mode output (e), and the modal distribution
of the continuum showing the FWM sidebands (f) generated in the fundamental LP
01
and in the
higher-order LP
11
mode for phase-matching reasons, and all the FWM and Raman sidebands (g).
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)