ISSN 1028334X, Doklady Earth Sciences, 2013, Vol. 448, Part 1, pp. 78–85. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2013.
Original Russian Text © A.E. Mel’nik, S. G. Skublov, Yu.B. Marin, A.V. Berezin, E.S. Bogomolov, 2013, published in Doklady Akademii Nauk, 2013, Vol. 448, No. 2, pp. 197–205.
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The origin of garnetites, which are quite abundant
in highpressure metamorphic complexes, is still
debatable. The idea about primary magmatic differen
tiation of basites to Fe–Ti (garnetite protolith) and Mg
(protolith of metabasite complimentary to garnetite)
parts is the most popular [1 and others]. There are
assumptions about the formation of garnetite as a
result of metamorphic differentiation from active
infiltration of fluid [2] and metasomatism with the for
mation of a metasomatic column [3].
Extensive garnetization of eclogitic bodies as linear
bands up to the appearance of garnetite containing up
to 50% garnet and more was registered in Salma eclog
ites within the northwestern part of the Belomorian
mobile belt (BMB). The authors studied in detail the
body of massive eclogites (Sample 46) with a size of up
to 10 m in diameter in the key area of Salma eclogites,
in the KuruVaara deposit mine. This body occurs in
migmatizes tonolite–trondhjemite gneiss intruded by
numerous veins of ceramic pegmatites [4]. Eclogites
are strongly amphibolized at the contact with host
gneiss with the formation of a garnet amphibolite rim
(Sample 50) with a thickness of 1–2 m. The garnetite
layer with a thickness of up to 60 cm (Sample 48)
occurs between the amphibolite rim and the eclogite.
Garnetite (Sample 48) contains garnet porphyro
blasts with a size of ~1 mm (up to 50%), intergranular
brownishgreen amphibole (20%), andesine (14%),
rutile, and ore mineral (5%). In contrast to eclogitic
garnet (Sample 46), garnet from garnetite contains
numerous poikilitic inclusions of prevailing quartz
(10% of the whole rock volume), abundant horn
blende and rutile, and single grains of monoclinic
pyroxene and biotite.
Garnetite (Sample 48) and eclogite (Sample 46)
located within the same body differ significantly in the
chemical composition. Garnetite differs from eclogite
by the high concentration of FeO* (18.0 and 12.1 wt %,
respectively) and TiO
2
(1.38 and 0.43 wt %) and the
low concentrations of MgO (6.1 and 12.1 wt %) and
CaO (11.1 and 13.4 wt %). Garnetite is significantly
enriched in V (by a factor of 6) and depleted in Ni, Cr,
and Ba by one order of magnitude in comparison with
eclogite. The concentrations of Y, Zr, Hf, Th, and
REE in garnetite are almost two times higher.
A difference in major and minor elements is regu
larly observed in characteristic minerals of garnetite
and eclogite as well. Garnet from garnetite differs from
eclogitic garnet by the high concentrations of Fe, Ca,
HREE, Y, and V and by low contents of Mg and Cr
[4]; amphibole and monoclinic pyroxene, by the high
Fe#, Ti, and V contents; and rutile, by the high con
centrations of V, Zr, and Hf and the low contents of Cr
and Nb. The contrasting chemical compositions of
garnetite and eclogite do not result in qualitative
change of the mineral association upon transforma
tion of eclogite to garnetite, but have an impact on the
compositions of rockforming, as well as accessory,
minerals.
The local U–Pb dating of zircon from garnetite
performed on an ion microprobe SHRIMPII (Cen
ter for Isotope Investigations, Russian Geological
Research Institute) was accompanied by investigation
of the distribution of rare and rareearth elements at
the same points on an ion microprobe Cameca IMS4f
(Yaroslavl’ branch of the PhysicoTechnological Insti
tute) by the standard methodologies. The composition
of zircons for plotting of the spectra of the REE distri
bution was normalized to the composition of C1
chondrite [5]. The temperature of zircon crystalliza
tion was calculated by the concentration of Ti in zir
con [6]. Analysis of the Sm–Nd system of rocks and
minerals was performed by the method of isotope dilu
tion on a TRITON mass spectrometer (Institute of
Precambrian Geology and Geochronology, Russian
Academy of Sciences). The method of sulfuric acid
leaching including treatment of garnet crystals ground
in an agate mortar by concentrated H
2
SO
4
at a tem
perature of 180°C over 24 h was applied for selective
New Data on the Age (U–Pb, Sm–Nd) of Garnetites
from Salma Eclogites of the Belomorian Mobile Belt
A. E. Mel’nik
a
, S. G. Skublov
a
, Corresponding Member of the RAS Yu. B. Marin
b
,
A. V. Berezin
a
, and E. S. Bogomolov
a
Received May 5, 2012
DOI: 10.1134/S1028334X13010133
a
Institute of Precambrian Geology and Geochronology,
Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg
b
Saint Petersburg National Mining University,
Saint Petersburg
email: meliks1@yandex.ru
GEOCHEMISTRY