International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences | December 2018 | Vol 6 | Issue 12 Page 4002
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
Khan T et al. Int J Res Med Sci. 2018 Dec;6(12):4002-4007
www.msjonline.org pISSN 2320-6071 | eISSN 2320-6012
Original Research Article
Unfeasible body mass index and its association with low haemoglobin
concentration: a correlation study among
undergraduate medical students
Tazeen Khan
1
, Zahid A. Khan*
2
, Sonia Kochhar
1
, Baljinder Singh
1
,
Gurdev L. Goyal
1
, Ruby Sharma
1
INTRODUCTION
Anemia and malnutrition are the major nutritional public
health problems imposing a double burden on
populations globally. Low hemoglobin concentration as a
result of iron deficiency causes fatigue and reduces work
capacity, impairs cognition with low academic
performance in children and adolescents, and also has
adverse effects on the pregnancy outcomes.
1-5
Underweight also increases the risk of low birth weight in
pregnancy, and is associated with osteoporosis even in
young people.
6,7
Overweight and obesity in childhood
and adolescence is now believed to be a major risk factor
for early onset of chronic diseases among adults, and also
impedes academic performance in children and
adolescents.
8-10
1
Department of Physiology,
2
Department of Community Medicine, MM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research,
Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
Received: 02 October 2018
Accepted: 29 October 2018
*Correspondence:
Dr. Zahid A. Khan,
E-mail: drzahidalikhan@gmail.com
Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
ABSTRACT
Background: Low hemoglobin concentration and unfeasible body mass index adversely affect the health of people,
consequently increasing morbidity and mortality among them. Hemoglobin concentration among individuals is
associated with their body mass index. The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia is higher among underweight and
overweight/obese people compared to those with normal BMI. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the
correlation between hemoglobin concentration and BMI of undergraduate medical students.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 210 undergraduate medical students. Body mass index was
calculated and hemoglobin estimation was done by Sahli's hemoglobinometer. Correlation between hemoglobin
concentration and body mass index of subjects was assessed by Pearson’s correlation coefficient.
Results: Underweight students had lowest mean hemoglobin concentration and the mean hemoglobin concentrations
increased significantly (p<0.001) with increase in the BMI of subjects. A highly significant positive correlation
(r=0.307, p<0.001) between BMI and hemoglobin concentration was observed. Further, significant positive
correlation was observed among males (r=0.268, p=0.013), students with normal BMI (r=0.283, p=0.003) and
overweight students (r=0.415, p=0.035) only.
Conclusions: Hemoglobin concentration and BMI show a positive correlation, however this correlation tends to
become negative in obese individuals. As both low hemoglobin concentration and unfeasible body mass index have
detrimental effects on the health, diligent screening and management of both is essential for better outcome.
Keywords: Anemia, Body mass index, Correlation, Gender, Hemoglobin, Iron, Overweight, Obesity, Students
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20184898