DOCUMENT DE TRAVAIL WORKING PAPER N°06-02.RS RESEARCH SERIES THE COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS OF PUBLIC POLICIES TO FIGHT MOTHERHOOD-INDUCED EMPLOYMENT PENALTIES AND DECREASING FERTILITY IN THE FORMER EU-15 JERÔME DE HENAU DANIÈLE MEULDERS SÍLE O’DORCHAI DULBEA l Université Libre de Bruxelles Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP-140 l B-1050 Brussels l Belgium