Sharath Shetty, Santosh Martande, Dharmarajan Gopalakrishnan. Comparative Evaluation Of Enamel Re-Mineralization Potential Of An Indigenously Prepared Dentifrice Containing 5% Micro- Hydroxyapatite With Commercially Available Fluoridated Dentifrice By Surface Microhardness Analysis And Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy Examination. Int J Dentistry Oral Sci. 2021;08(5):2446-2453. 2446 OPEN ACCESS https://scidoc.org/IJDOS.php Comparative Evaluation Of Enamel Re-Mineralization Potential Of An Indigenously Prepared Den- tifrice Containing 5% Micro-Hydroxyapatite With Commercially Available Fluoridated Dentifrice By Surface Microhardness Analysis And Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy Examination Research Article International Journal of Dentistry and Oral Science (IJDOS) ISSN: 2377-8075 *Corresponding Author: Dr. Santosh Martande, Department of Periodontology, Dr. D Y Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, India. Tel: (+91)9890353072 Email ID: santoshmartande@gmail.com Received: April 06, 2021 Accepted: May 05, 2021 Published: May 12, 2021 Citation: Sharath Shetty, Santosh Martande, Dharmarajan Gopalakrishnan. Comparative Evaluation Of Enamel Re-Mineralization Potential Of An Indigenously Prepared Denti- frice Containing 5% Micro-Hydroxyapatite With Commercially Available Fluoridated Dentifrice By Surface Microhardness Analysis And Environmental Scanning Electron Micros- copy Examination. Int J Dentistry Oral Sci. 2021;08(5):2446-2453. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.19070/2377-8075-21000481 Copyright: Santosh Martande © 2021. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Introduction Enamel is a complex mineralized tissue which is responsible to maintain the integrity of tooth. Consuming acidic foods and drinks cause enamel wear and are responsible for degradation and demineralization of enamel. Demineralization makes the tooth enamel weak & porous and it leads to the onset of dental car- ies. Remineralization is the process whereby mineral enters the porous enamel structure & makes it stronger & denser. The re- mineralized material hardens into enamel. The extent to which the oral fuids are saturated with the apatite minerals dictates the dynamic process of demineralization and remineralization. Cal- cium (Ca) and Phosphorous (P) are the two main components of the mineral content of the tooth [1]. The various processes that ensure the supply of these two minerals in the remineralization process have been studied and applied to develop newer strategies of remineralizing agents that emphasize on prevention of caries. Provided ecology of the tissue is conducive; re-mineralization will become the predominant process and the lesion will head towards repair [2]. Early demineralized lesions have the potential to rem- ineralise through non-invasive procedures and this can be a great advancement in clinical management of caries. A variety of re-mineralizing agents like fuorides, casein calcium phosphopeptides, bioactive glass etc, are dispensed via variety of vehicles like Restorative Material, Pit and Fissure Sealants, Denti- Sharath Shetty, Santosh Martande * , Dharmarajan Gopalakrishnan Department of Periodontology, Dr. D Y Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, India. Abstract Objective: The purpose of this in-vitro prospective study is to assess and compare the enamel remineralization potential of indigenously prepared 5% Micro-Hydroxyapatite (M-Hap) dentifrice with commercially available fuoridated dentifrice. Material and Methods: Thirty Permanent single rooted extracted teeth were cleaned, polished and sectioned to remove root portion and laterembedded in acrylic blocks. All samples underwent demineralization process and later were divided into two groups for remineralization process. Group A included 15 samples treated with Test dentifrice and Group B included 15 sam- ples treated with control dentifrice. Surface microhardness (SMH) of all the 30 samples was measuredusing Vickers Micro- hardness Tester at Baseline, post demineralization and post remineralization at 7 and 14 days.E-SEM analysis were performed for 5 randomly selected samples at baseline, post demineralization and post remineralization after 14 days. Results: Intragroup comparison for both test and control group showed statistically signifcant differenceat different time intervals that is from baseline to demineralization followed by remineralization (p<0.01). Intergroup comparison did not show statistically signifcant difference at baseline (p =0.646), post demineralization (p = 0.818) and post remineralization at 7 days (p = 0.429) & 14 days (p = 0.497). The remineralization evaluated by SMH and e-SEM at 7 and 14 days was marginally better in test group as compared to control group. Conclusion: Indigenously prepared dentifrice containing 5% Micro-hydroxyapatite showed marginally better potential for enamel remineralization as compared to commercially available Fluoridated dentifrice. Keywords: Enamel Remineralization; Micro-Hydroxyapatite Dentifrice; Fluoride Dentifrice; Scanning Electron Microscopy.