Komala, dkk: Physiological maturation stage ... 149 Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 4 No 3 – December 2018 ISSN 2460-0164 (print), ISSN 2442-2576 (online) Available online at https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/mkgi DOI: http://doi.org/10.22146/majkedgiind.28356 RESEARCH ARTICLE Physiological maturation stage of cervical vertebrate index in cleft lip/palate and non-cleft lip/palate patients Wenti Komala*, Endah Mardiati**, Eky Soeria Soemantri**, Isnaniah Malik** *Orthodontic Specialist Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia **Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia *Jl Sekeloa Selatan 1, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia; email: wentyk90@gmail.com Submitted: 18 th September 2017; Revised: 23 rd July 2018; Accepted: 27 th September 2018 ABSTRACT Cleft lip and palate is one of the most common congenital anomalies. Cleft lip and palate patients encounter growth problems in lip and palate area, although their overall growth and development remains unknown. Cervical vertebral maturation are indicators of physiological maturation used in interceptive treatment and orthognathic surgery. The present study aims to determine physiological maturation stage of cervical vertebrae maturation index in cleft and non-cleft patients. Lateral cephalogram of 26 cleft patients and 27 non-cleft patients with a range of chronological age from 8-16 years old were involved. The cervical vertebrae maturation were analyzed in six stages of cervical vertebrae maturation method of Hassel and Farman. Data were analyzed using t-test (p≤ 0.05). The result shows that physiological maturation stage of cervical vertebrae maturation index in cleft and non-cleft patients has no signifcant difference in stage acceleration (p= 0.38), stage transition (p= 0.41) and deceleration (p= 0.39). Likewise, there is no signifcant difference in physiological maturation stage of cervical vertebrae maturation index between cleft and non-cleft patients. Keywords: cleft lip and palate; Hassel and Farman’s method; maturation index INTRODUCTION Malocclusion is a form of deviation of misalignment from the standard and generally accepted teeth arrangement. An occlusion is said to be normal if the teeth arrangement of the two dental arches is regular and can relate the upper teeth and lower teeth correctly as the jaws close. 1 The most common congenital anomalies are cleft lip and palate abnormalities. International data noted that during the course of 2002 to 2006, the prevalence of cleft lips averaged 8 per 10,000 births worldwide. 2 Defciency of maxillary growth in cleft lip and palate patients leads to third class malocclusion. Therefore, it is vital to determine the right growth period for cleft lip and palate patients, since each treatment shall be adjusted to the patient’s skeletal age, such as dentofacial orthopedic devices during patients’ growth and surgical orthodontic treatment once they achieve adulthood. 3 The current research delineates that patients with cleft lip/palate abnormalities experience different growth rate from the non-cleft lips/palate patients. Given such background, the researchers are interested in examining the physiological maturation stages of cervical vertebral index in cleft lip/palate patients at the orthodontics clinic of Faculty of Dentistry Padjajaran University Bandung. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a descriptive comparative study using total sampling and involving the subjects of all cleft lip/ palate patients and non-cleft lip/palate patients at the orthodontics clinic of Faculty of Dentistry Padjajaran University with chronological age of 8-16 years. Research, screening and orthodontics clinic were conducted from March to May 2017. The study used the 6 stages of physiological maturation based on Hassel and Farman’s methods, namely initiation, acceleration, transition, deceleration, maturation and completion based on x- cephalograms taken in the department of radiology Faculty of Dentistry Padjajaran University. The study used total