Rajendra Prabhu Abhinav, Rajendra Pradeepa, Ranjit Mohan Anjana, Viswanathan Mohan. Importance Of Glycemic Controlin Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes and Oral Cancer. Int J Dentistry
Oral Sci. 2021;8(7):3497-3499.
3497
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Importance Of Glycemic Controlin Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes and Oral Cancer
Research Article
International Journal of Dentistry and Oral Science (IJDOS)
ISSN: 2377-8075
*Corresponding Author:
Rajendra Prabhu Abhinav, (Oral & Maxillo-facial Surgery)
Assistant Professor, Department Of Implantology, Saveetha Dental College And Hospital, No.162, Poonamallee High Road, Chennai-600077 &Research Fellow, Madras Diabetes
Research Foundation, No. 4, Conran Smith Road,Gopalapuram, Chennai – 600 086, India.
Tel: 9940142823
Fax: (9144) 2835 0935
E-mail: trilokabhinav@Gmail.com
Received: March 28, 2021
Accepted: July 09, 2021
Published: July 28, 2021
Citation: Rajendra Prabhu Abhinav, Rajendra Pradeepa, Ranjit Mohan Anjana, Viswanathan Mohan. Importance Of Glycemic Controlin Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes and Oral
Cancer. Int J Dentistry Oral Sci. 2021;8(7):3497-3499. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.19070/2377-8075-21000714
Copyright: Rajendra Prabhu Abhinav
©
2021. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted
use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Diabetes and cancer are non-communicable diseases with huge
impact on health worldwide [1]. According to the recent GLO-
BOCAN report, globally, an estimated 19.3 million new cancer
cases and almost 10.0 million cancer deaths have occurred in
2020 [2]. While the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) has
reported that in 2019, 463 million had diabetes and mortality at-
tributable to diabetes and associated complications in adults was
4.2 million [3]. In 2020, oral cancer which include cancers of the
mucosal lip, tongue, gum, foor of the mouth, palate and mouth
was reported as the sixteenth most common form of cancer in
the world with 377,713 new cases and 177,757 deaths [2]. There
are evidences to substantiate the link between diabetes and the
increased prevalence and progression of various cancers includ-
ing cancers of the breast,colon, lung, prostate, pancreasand oral
cavity [4, 5]. The prevalence of co-existing diabetes among newly
diagnosedcancer patients varies from 8 to 18% [6].
The common diabetes associated complications include micro-
vascular complications (retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropa-
thy) and macrovascular complications (cardiovascular disease,
peripheral vascular disease and cerebrovascular disease) [7]. How-
ever, recently‘diabetic oncopathy’ has been implicated as one of
the complications of diabetes [8].The biological mechanisms un-
derlying the association between cancer and diabetes have been
debated and are not clear. It has been suggested that hyperglyce-
mia could be one of the underlying mechanisms for the associa-
tion between diabetes and cancer risk by promoting DNA dam-
age through oxidative stress caused by an increased mitochondrial
glucose oxidation [9, 10]. It is also a known promoter of onco-
genesis and metastasis [10]. Other possible mechanisms for a di-
rect link between these two conditions include hyperinsulinemia
and infammation [4, 5].
Some studies link higherglycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, one
of the key biomarkers in identifying patients with diabetes and a
refective measure of blood glucose values over a period of about
3 months, and other measures of hyperglycemia to increased risk
of certain cancers [11-13]. Glycemic control is also hypothesized
as one of the causes of the outcome differences between cancer
patients with and without diabetes. Glycemic control was found
Abstract
Globally, the prevalence/incidence of type 2 diabetes and oral cancer has increased dramatically in the past few decades. Stud-
ies have shown that type 2 diabeteshas an elevated risk of oral cancer, mediated by promoting DNA damage through oxida-
tive stress caused by an increased mitochondrial glucose oxidation.Few studies have shown that higherglycated hemoglobin
(HbA1c) levels increase the risk of certain cancers including cancers of oral cavity. Glycemic control, believed to be one of
the causes of the outcome differences between cancer patients with and without diabetes, plays an important role in health
related quality of life, recurrence of cancer, severity of symptomand pain,risk for infections, increased hospitalization and
stay and lead to stoppage or reduction in dose of chemotherapy, which can lead to poor outcomes and reduce the lifespan.
Very few studies have evaluated the link between oral cancer and HbA1c and the fndings are equivocal. Thus, to increase the
survival and improve the health outcomesinindividuals with oral cancer and diabetes, the role of glycemic control must be
further elucidated and studies are urgently needed on this topic.
Rajendra Prabhu Abhinav
1,2*
, Rajendra Pradeepa
1
, Ranjit Mohan Anjana
1
, Viswanathan Mohan
1
1
Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India.
2
Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, India.