176 Copyright © 2016, IGI Global. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited. Chapter 10 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-0013-1.ch010 ABSTRACT Community of practice (CoP) encompasses shared approaches for carrying out tasks with a view to facilitating intellectual neighborliness among learners, educators and practicing professionals. Despite the popularity of the CoP approach within industries and the medical education, the practice of using it in engineering education is not widespread as most educators have limited knowledge of how to imple- ment CoP into their classrooms. Moreover, it is not clear from the engineering education literature how the implementation of CoP has enhanced conceptual understanding and imparted employable skills to learners. To address these concerns, available literature detailing the implementation of CoP across professional disciplines and education sector over the past one and half decades were evaluated with a view to identifying and documenting evidences of current practices of CoP, and subsequently developed into a framework for re-designing an important aspect of engineering curricula: work integrated learn- ing (WIL). This will have an objective to successfully enhance conceptual understanding and impart employable skills to learners. INTRODUCTION Despite the popularity of the community of practice (CoP) approach within the industry, the practice of its use in engineering modules has not become widespread as most educators have limited knowledge of how to implement CoP in their classrooms. In addition, empirical studies on the effectiveness of CoP are limited and the research that does exist is primarily focused on its perceptions by users rather than how it fosters conceptual understanding and employable skills in engineering learners. Moreover, Refections on the Roles of Community of Practice (CoP) in Engineering Education Eyitayo Olatunde Olakanmi University of South Africa, South Africa Moses J. Strydom University of South Africa, South Africa