S. Sivaharini, M. Jeevitha, Vivek Narayan. Assessment of Periodontal Status in Patients with Oral Leukoplakia. Int J Dentistry Oral Sci. 2021;8(8):3866-3870.
3866
OPEN ACCESS https://scidoc.org/IJDOS.php
Assessment of Periodontal Status in Patients with Oral Leukoplakia
Research Article
International Journal of Dentistry and Oral Science (IJDOS)
ISSN: 2377-8075
*Corresponding Author:
Dr. M. Jeevitha,
Senior lecturer, Senior lecturer, Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha
University, Chennai - 600077, India.
Tel: +91 7904613787
E-mail: jeevitham.sdc@saveetha.com
Received: July 30, 2021
Accepted: August 10, 2021
Published: August 17, 2021
Citation: S. Sivaharini, M. Jeevitha, Vivek Narayan. Assessment of Periodontal Status in Patients with Oral Leukoplakia. Int J Dentistry Oral Sci. 2021;8(8):3866-3870.
doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.19070/2377-8075-21000791
Copyright: Dr. M. Jeevitha
©
2021. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribu-
tion and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
S. Sivaharini
1
, M. Jeevitha
2*
, Vivek Narayan
3
1
Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University (SIMATS), Chennai, India.
2
Senior lecturer, Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS),
Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
3
Senior lecturer, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sci-
ences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
Introduction
Oral leukoplakia is a potentially malignant disorder affecting mu-
cosa of the oral cavity. Other than smoking and liquor, the risk
factors for the development of this oral lesion are still less rec-
ognised [4]. Leukoplakia is an asymptomatic, potentially malig-
nant lesion in the oral mucosa. However, leukoplakia increases
your risk of oral cancer. Oral cancers often form near leukoplakia
patches. Stress and socio-economic factors may be additive risk
factors for leukoplakia and acute infections in the oral cavity may
contribute to the risk [45].
It is known that one of the most frequent potentially malignant
disorders of oral mucosa is Oral leukoplakia. It was frst de-
fned by the world health organisation in 1978 as ‘a white patch
or plaque which cannot otherwise be characterized clinically or
pathologically as any other disease’ [44]. As oral leukoplakia can
mimic a large variety of lesions, a possible causal factor is sus-
pected such as dental restoration, mechanical irritation [4]. The
studies done on oral leukoplakia are very rare, so it is diffcult
to value its real malignant transformation rate due to different
regional habits [28].
Periodontitis is a very common disease caused by oral bacterial
infammation and leading to irreversible attachment loss, bone
destruction and eventually tooth loss. It is a multi-factorial disease
modifed by numerous risk factors such as smoking, social back-
ground, diabetes, genetic susceptibility, attitude towards health
and supragingival plaque control [7].
Periodontitis is related to different pathological states in the oral
cavity including pre malignant and malignant lesions. This is also
true for smoking, the most important risk factor for oral leuko-
plakia and for periodontitis [17]. The occurrence of periodontal
disease in humans is a global problem [29]. Periodontal disease
is found to affect the Male gender more than the females [49].
Furthermore lack of oral hygiene encourages plaque formation,
which leads to increase in pathogenic bacteria that are associated
Abstract
The occurrence of periodontal diseases in humans has been a global problem. Certain risk factors affect the initiation, pro-
gression and severity of periodontitis. The present study has been designed to assess the periodontal status in patients with
oral leukoplakia. The study was carried out among 27 subjects with oral leukoplakia. The required data were collected and
imported to SPSS analysis software for analysis. A total of 44.4% were reported to have generalized chronic gingivitis and
55.6% were having generalized chronic periodontitis. It was observed that elderly patients between 50 to 80 years (55.6%)
are more prone to generalised chronic periodontitis. The p value obtained is 0.503 which is not signifcant (p>0.05). We also
observed that males (96.3%) were more commonly reported with oral leukoplakia and diagnosed with periodontal diseases
than females (3.7%).The results of this study provide the prevalence of periodontal diseases in oral leukoplakia. The associa-
tion of periodontitis with premalignant lesions may infuence the risk of disease progression and thus preventive therapeutic
measures for periodontal diseases can be planned for oral leukoplakia patients.
Keywords: Periodontal Disease; Periodontitis; Premalignant Lesions; Oral Cancer; Oral Leukoplakia; Gingivitis.