Kalyani P, MP Santhosh Kumar. Prevalence Of Impacted Canines Among Dental Patients - A Retrospective Study. Int J Dentistry Oral Sci. 2021;8(8):4059-4064.
4059
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Prevalence Of Impacted Canines Among Dental Patients - A Retrospective Study
Research Article
International Journal of Dentistry and Oral Science (IJDOS)
ISSN: 2377-8075
*Corresponding Author:
MP Santhosh Kumar,
Reader, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences(SIMATS), Saveetha University,
Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India.
Tel: +919994892022
E-mail: santhoshkumar@saveetha.com
Received: July 30, 2021
Accepted: August 11, 2021
Published: August 18, 2021
Citation: Kalyani P, MP Santhosh Kumar. Prevalence Of Impacted Canines Among Dental Patients - A Retrospective Study. Int J Dentistry Oral Sci. 2021;8(8):4059-4064.
doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.19070/2377-8075-21000829
Copyright: MP Santhosh Kumar
©
2021. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use,
distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Kalyani P
1
, MP Santhosh Kumar
2*
1
Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences(SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil
Nadu, India.
2
Reader, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical
Sciences(SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India.
Introduction
An impacted tooth is one whose eruption has been delayed con-
siderably and there is suffcient evidence both radiographically
and clinically to confrm that the tooth will not erupt to a func-
tional occlusion in the near future. Impaction of permanent teeth
is a common phenomenon with mandibular and maxillary third
molar being the most frequently impacted of all.
Maxillary canines are one of the common teeth to be impacted
next to third molars. The etiology of such impacted canines is
governed by a number of factors, that can be either local or genet-
ic, posing a hereditary infuence [1, 2]. The local governing factors
include crowding, dilaceration, abnormal position of tooth bud,
cystic formation, early loss or prolonged retention of deciduous
canines or iatrogenic position of adjacent teeth into the canine's
pathway. Another commonly discussed etiology is the path of
canine eruption, which is quite long and tortuous, starting from
its site of formation lateral to piriform fossa to its fnal position
in the arch [3, 4]. The position of such impacted canines can be
buccal or palatal or in arch. Mandibular canines are less frequently
impacted than maxillary canines.
The incidence and prevalence of canine impactions have been
studied in different populations by different authors and signif-
icant differences have been observed [3-5]. A difference in the
position of impacted canines has also been observed. In a study
by C Mason et al., [6], out of 100 patients with impacted canines
that they observed, 33% were bilateral and 33% were palatally
placed. As a continuum of this, Shellhart et al., [7] has given a
case report of bilaterally impacted maxillary canines leading to
signifcant amounts of root resorption of maxillary lateral inci-
sors. Observing the population based study of canine impactions,
U Aydin et al., [7, 8] have done a study in which 4500 panoramic
Abstract
Impacted canines are those teeth which fail to erupt to their normal position in the arch and do not display any radiographic
or clinical evidence of spontaneous eruption beyond chronological age. Maxillary canines are the third most common teeth to
be impacted in the permanent dentition. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of impacted canines among
dental patients. The retrospective study involved analysis of case records of patients with impacted canines and assessment
was based on the following parameters: Age, gender, and quadrant of impaction. Using SPSS Version 20.0, categorical vari-
ables were expressed as frequency and percentage, continuous variables as mean and SD; and Chi-square test was used to
determine the association between categorical variables. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically signifcant. The sample
size of the study was 54. Highest prevalence of canine impactions was observed in males (51.9%). According to the age group,
impacted canines were most prevalent in the age group of 21-30 years (31.48%) and in the 2nd quadrant (38.9%). The as-
sociation between gender and quadrant of impaction was statistically signifcant with p-value 0.03. According to our study it
can be concluded that in the South Indian population, the maxillary canine impactions were more prevalent than mandibular
canine impactions. Males reportedly had higher prevalence of canine impactions than females and in the age group of 21-30
years. A signifcant association between gender and quadrant of canine impaction has been observed with higher prevalence
of impactions of canine in the 2nd quadrant in case of females and in the 1st quadrant in case of males.
Keywords: Age; Canines; Gender; Impacted Teeth; Prevalence.