Proceedings of the ISPD 2008 — The 12th Congress of the ISPD 0896-8608/09 $3.00 + .00 June 20 – 24, 2008, Istanbul, Turkey Copyright © 2009 International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis Peritoneal Dialysis International, Vol. 29 (2009), Supplement 2 Printed in Canada. All rights reserved. S117 ♦ Background: The effect of pre-transplant dialysis modal- ity on early graft function is a matter of debate. Although some authors deny the existence of a significant influence, others suggest that peritoneal dialysis (PD) affects early graft function favorably, possibly by contributing to a more physiologic water balance. In the present study, we evalu- ated the influence of pre-transplant dialysis modality on early and late graft function. ♦ Patients and Methods: We studied 745 patients who un- derwent a first renal transplantation during 1983 – 2006, comparing the records of 44 PD patients [26 male; mean age: 26 ± 9 years (range: 8 – 56 years)] who received 36 living related and 8 cadaveric renal transplantations with those of a control group of 44 consecutive hemodialysis (HD) patients [26 male; mean age: 27 ± 11 years (range: 7 – 49 years)] for the index cases. ♦ Results: The groups showed no significant differences in donor type, human leukocyte antigen matching, immuno- suppressive protocols, and duration of dialysis. Also, nei- ther group differed significantly with regard to incidence of delayed graft function, acute tubular necrosis, wound infection, systemic viral and bacterial infections, or acute rejection in the early post-transplant period. In the late post-transplant period, incidences of chronic rejection, graft failure, and malignancies were also similar. During the follow-up period, 3 patients in the PD group experienced acute rejection, 2 developed cytomegalovirus (CMV) dis- ease, and 5 developed various other infections. In the HD group, 4 patients experienced acute rejection, 1 developed CMV disease, and 8 experienced other infections. Five pa- tients in the PD group and one in the HD group died with functioning grafts (p = 0.09). No differences were noted between the groups in the incidences of post-transplant car- diovascular complications, malignancies, and diabetes mel- litus. In the PD group, 33 patients with functioning grafts are still being followed, 6 have returned to dialysis, and 5 have died. In the HD group, 38 patients with functioning grafts are still being followed, 5 have returned to dialysis, and 1 has died. ♦ Conclusions: As a pre-transplant dialysis modality, nei- ther HD nor PD affects the outcome of renal transplantation. Perit Dial Int 2009; 29(S2):S117–S122 www.PDIConnect.com KEY WORDS: Chronic allograft nephropathy; hemo- dialysis; post-transplant complications; renal transplantation. E ffect of pre-transplant dialysis modality on allograft and recipient survival after renal transplantation is controversial. Some authors suggest that peritoneal di- alysis (PD) favorably affects early graft function (1,2). However, other studies reported equivalent or inferior results for PD patients as compared with hemodialysis (HD) patients (3,4). Previous analyses also showed that increased dialysis duration before transplantation is one of the most important factors affecting patient and graft survival (5). In the present study, we evaluated the in- fluence of the pre-transplant dialysis modality on early and late graft function in a parallel-group study. We also compared various complications in the early and late post-transplant period and causes of graft loss in PD and HD groups with similar dialysis time. PATIENTS AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed data for 745 patients who had undergone a first renal transplantation procedure between 1983 and 2006 at the Istanbul Faculty of Medi- cine Transplantation Unit. For this study, preliminary consideration was given to patients aged less than 65 years who had been on dialysis (PD or HD) for at least 3 months before renal transplantation without a switch from one dialysis modality to the other. Exclusion Correspondence to: Y. Caliskan, Istanbul School of Medi- cine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrol- ogy, Capa, Topkapi, Istanbul, Turkey. ykcaliskan@yahoo.com EFFECT OF PRE-TRANSPLANT DIALYSIS MODALITY ON KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION OUTCOME Yasar Caliskan, Halil Yazici, Numan Gorgulu, Berna Yelken, Turker Emre, Aydin Turkmen, Alaattin Yildiz, Nilgun Aysuna, Semra Bozfakioglu, and Mehmet Sukru Sever Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul School of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey