Research Article
PrevalenceandFactorsInfluencingEyeInjuriesamongWeldersin
Accra, Ghana
Karl Kafui Kwaku Tetteh,
1
Richard Owusu,
2
and Wisdom Kudzo Axame
2
1
Health Policy Planning and Management Department, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG 25, Legon,
Greater Accra Region, Ghana
2
Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, PMB 31, Ho,
Volta Region, Ghana
Correspondence should be addressed to Wisdom Kudzo Axame; wisdomaxame@gmail.com
Received 10 June 2020; Revised 30 August 2020; Accepted 2 September 2020; Published 16 September 2020
Academic Editor: Diego A. S. Silva
Copyright © 2020 Karl Kafui Kwaku Tetteh et al. is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons
Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is
properly cited.
Background. Eye injuries are one of the most common work-related injuries among certain occupations, including welders. e
aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors influencing eye injuries among welders in Accra, Ghana. Methods. In
a cross-sectional study, we recruited 382 welders in Accra from two welding sites. Systematic sampling was used to select
participants. A pretested semistructured questionnaire was used to collect demographic information, history of eye injuries,
ownership, and use of eye protective equipment and workplace characteristics. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions at
5% level of significance were used to determine factors influencing eye injuries. Data were entered into Microsoft excel and
exported to Stata 16/MP for analysis. Results. We found 59.7% of welders engaged in electric/arc welding and 40.3% in gas welding.
Overall prevalence of eye injuries was 47.9%, higher among electric/arc welders (73.7%) compared to gas welders (9.7%). Factors
associated with eye injuries were engaging in gas welding [AOR: 0.08, 95% CI: 0.04–0.16], higher monthly income [AOR � 5.26;
95% CI: 1.72–16.09], nonuse of eye PPE while working [AOR � 1.86; 95% CI: 1.02–3.43], and no training on the use of eye personal
protective equipment [AOR � 2.17; 95% CI:1.07–4.38]. Conclusion. ere is high prevalence of welding-related eye injuries among
electric welders. Gas welding, high monthly income, nonuse of eye protective equipment, and inadequate training on the use of
eye protective equipment were significantly associated with eye injuries. Health policies should be implemented to ensure all
welders use eye personal protective equipment.
1. Introduction
e eyes are the third most common organ affected by
injuries apart from the hands and feet [1]. Eye injuries are
common and constitute a major cause of preventable
blindness. ey are a common cause of visual morbidity
occurring at workplaces worldwide [2]. About 2.5 million
people succumb to eye injuries annually. Globally, more
than 500,000 blinding injuries take place annually [3]. Eye
injuries do not occur as random events. Majority of eye
injuries have a direct link with occupation and the nature of
activity at the time of the injury [1]. Some individuals have
high risk of experiencing eye injuries because of their
occupations. ese individuals include small-scale and
large-scale industrial workers. Welding, which involves
cutting metal objects, soldering, and in some cases brazing
[4], is one of such occupations that pose an exceptional risk
to the eye [5]. ough the advent of urbanization and in-
dustrialization have brought about automation and mech-
anization, welding is still an important occupation,
particularly in developing countries due to the slow pace of
adaption of automated processes in these countries [4].
Industrialization is desirable for all countries. It assures
higher standards of living for the citizenry. e welding
industry is among the many establishments engaged in the
business of producing goods and services. However, welders
Hindawi
Advances in Preventive Medicine
Volume 2020, Article ID 2170247, 8 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/2170247