CHAPTER I Case studies of con¯ict and territorial organization in divided cities N. Kliot, Y. Mansfeld Department of Geography, University of Haifa, Haifa 31905, Israel 1. The essence of division and partition The purpose of this paper is threefold: to describe, analyze and compare ®rst, processes which led to the division and partition of cities and second, to examine the appropriateness of one model of partition and division in relation to partitioned and divided cities. Thirdly, as partition and division in cities create barriers of various kinds in those cities, their impact on the functioning of partitioned/divided cities and their planning and management as one entity will be examined in depth. Thus, this paper deals mainly with two of the traditional categories of concepts of mainstream political geography: structure and process. Structural±functional analysis attempts to provide a scienti®c theory of the system under study. As the name postulates, its attributes, structural±functional explanations, stress the functional character of elements such as borders and boundaries, capital cities or geopolitical and geostrategic regions (Kasperson and Minghi, 1969: 69). In the study presented here, structure relates to the functioning and components of partition/division in cities. This study particularly focuses on the permeability or impermeability of these divisions/partitions and their eect on cooperation and coordination of the partitioned/divided entities in matters concerning the whole urban entity, such as planning, watershed management, sewage treatment, air pollution abatement and similar area-wide functions. Partitioned/divided cities constitute a culmination form of social, economic and political segregation of cities. Social ethnic and racial segregation still remain important features of contemporary cities (Smith, 1989). According to mainstream urban geography, this is basically a problem which results from hierarchy of power and wealth in which those in political and economic control decide and others are decided for. As long as such a hierarchy exists, segregation will prevail (Marcuse, 1993). This study will attempt to analyze partition/division as a form, 0305-9006/99/$ - see front matter # 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. PII: S0305-9006(99)00010-0 Progress in Planning 52 (1999) 167±225 www.elsevier.com/locate/pplann