2406 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL, VOL. 45, NO. 12, DECEMBER 2000
Finite Horizon State-Feedback Control of
Continuous-Time Systems with State Delays
Emilia Fridman and Uri Shaked
Abstract—The finite horizon control of time-invariant linear sys-
tems with a finite number of point and distributed time delays is consid-
ered. The controller is obtained by solving coupled Riccati-type partial dif-
ferential equations. The solutions to these equations and the resulting con-
trollers are approximated by series expansions in powers of the largest
delay. Unlike the infinite horizon case, these approximations possess both
regular and boundary layer terms. The performance of the closed-loop
system under the memoryless zero-approximation controller is analyzed.
Index Terms—Asymptotic approximations, –state-feedback control,
Riccati type partial differential equations, singular perturbations, time-
delay systems.
I. PROBLEM FORMULATION
Throughout this paper we denote by the Euclidean norm of a
vector or the appropriate norm of a matrix. Given , let
be the space of the square integrable functions with the norm
and let be the space of the continuous functions on with
the norm . We denote .
Prime denotes the transpose of a matrix and col denotes a column
vector with components and .
Consider the system
(1)
where is the state vector, is the control signal,
is the exogenous disturbance, is the observation
vector, and , and are constant matrices of appropriate dimen-
sions. The -valued function which carries -valued functions
on into is defined as follows:
(2)
where
are constant matrices and is a square integrable matrix
function.
Denote
(3)
and where is the indicator function for the set , i.e.,
if and otherwise.
Given , and assuming that and
, we consider the following performance index:
(4)
where
(5)
Manuscript received July 26, 1999; revised December 23, 1999. Recom-
mended by Associate Editor, Y. Yamamoto.
The authors are with the Department of Electrical Engineering-Sys-
tems, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel (e-mail:
emilia@eng.tau.ac.il).
Publisher Item Identifier S 0018-9286(00)10012-1.
and where are matrices denoting the initial
weightning condition. The problem is to find a state-feedback con-
troller which ensures that for all and for all
initial conditions .
In the infinite horizon case such a controller (for zero initial condition
) has been designed in [1]–[6] (see also references therein). In
[1] and [2] the controller has been obtained by solving Riccati operator
equations. In [3] and [4] delay-independent and in [6] delay-dependent
memoryless controllers have been designed. In [5] the controller (with
memory) has been derived from Riccati-type partial differential equa-
tions (RPDEs) or inequalities, and the solution of the RPDEs has been
approximated by expansions in the powers of the delay. In [7] the gra-
dient of with respect to at has been computed. In [8] and [9]
bounded real criteria have been obtained. Asymptotic series solutions
of systems with small delay have been constructed in [10]–[12].
In many engineering cases (target maneuver, missile guidance, etc.)
a control session of limited time length is needed. In such cases the ef-
fect of the initial conditions is most important and the results of [1]–[6]
cannot provide a satisfactory control strategy. In the present paper, we
generalize the results of [5] to the finite horizon case. Unlike [5], the
required controllers are time-varying, they are obtained by solving cou-
pled finite horizon RPDEs. For small delays, similarly to the case of
singularly perturbed systems (see [10]–[13]), the controllers are af-
fected by the boundary-layer phenomenon. The main contribution of
the paper is the construction, for the first time, of an asymptotic solu-
tion to the important class of finite horizon RPDEs that are encountered
with the finite-horizon LQ control (see [14]), and with the control.
Proofs of Theorem 1 and Lemma 2 are given in the Appendix.
II. MAIN RESULTS
A. -Controller Design
Consider the following RPDEs with respect to the -matrices
, and :
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
where .
A solution of (6)–(10) is a triple of -matrices
,
0018–9286/00$10.00 © 2000 IEEE