Rajendra S Dongre* Department of Chemistry, India *Corresponding author: Rajendra S Dongre, Department of Chemistry, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India Submission: June 01, 2018; Published: July 10, 2018 Biosorption of Fluoride from Water by Fabricated Chitosan Doped Graphite Novel Composite 673 Copyright © All rights are reserved by Rajendra S Dongre. Volume - 7 Issue - 1 Research Article Research & Development in Material Science C CRIMSON PUBLISHERS Wings to the Research ISSN: 2576-8840 Abstract Defluoridation/fluoride removal from water is achieved by fabricated chitosan doped graphite novel composite (FCDGNC). Biosorption is widely used due to economic, operative and maximum efficiency, more recyclable competence and ecological benign advantages. Many adsorbents reported for defluoridation below 2ppm had displayed low/moderate capacity besides, operated at drastic pH. So, batch de-fluoridation aimed to perform with respect to parameters like pH, dose, contact time and fluoride concentration. Water defluoridation was highly pH sensitive and found optimum pH=6.5 and sorption thermodynamics confirmed endothermic behavior besides chemi/physisorption. Kinetics followed pseudo 2ndorder while fluoride adsorption equilibrium wereanalyzed for Langmuir and Freundlich, models, but better suited to Langmuirwith adsorption capacity of 37.9mg/g. FCDGNC were regenerated and reuses better upon five defluoridation cycles to achieved fluoride stringent limit 1.5-2ppm without affecting quality of treated water. Thus, FCDGNC intended for efficient and most convenient way proposed further for large scale utility. Keywords:Biosorption;Chitosan;Biocomposites;Defluoridation;Water Highlights a. Fabricated chitosan doped graphite novel composite (FCDGNC) is easy to prepare. b. The FCDGNC powder form owes efficient fluoride sorption capacity. c. The FCDGNC owes very efficient adsorption capacity for fluoride reach 3.79mg/g d. The FCDGNC biosorbent can be easily regenerated and reused in five defluoridation cycles. Introduction Biosorption is an endowed technique practiced for removal of organics, inorganics, and metal contaminations from water Fomina & Gadd [1]. For sustainable environment, biosorption offers advantages as its cost-effective, environmentally friendly and virtually unlimited supply of biopolymers/products resources Wang & Chen [2]. In our planet, diversified bio-adsorbents exist, ranging from micro-organisms to agricultural waste Babel & Kurniawan [3] for this purpose. Ubiquitous, chitin, is the most talented biopolymer exist after cellulose in nature which is acetylated linear polysaccharide of β-(1,4)-D-glucosamine and chitosan is deacetylated-chitin/oligosaccharides of 2 to 20 units similar to cellulose being vital components in exoskeleton of crustacean, fungi and insects Sashiwa & Aiba [4]. Nevertheless, chitosan suffers due to poor mechanical properties and low chemical resistance Barber & Rogers [5] that can be improved by means of impregnation with materials like ceramic-alumina Liu [6], Madala & Abburi, alginate Ngah & Fatinathan, polyvinylalcohol Zhu & Zeng [7], cyclodextrins Liu & Economy [8], magnetic nanoparticles Reddy DH & Lee SM [9], ionic liquids Cui & Men [10], and silica Witoon & Limtrakul [11]. Both glucosamine biopolymers impart non-toxicity, bio- degradability and reusability advantageous by means of grafting ample acetamido/amino groups to amend composite’s skeleton exhibited high adsorption capacity/selectivity for pollutants Barber & Rogers 2014, Gupta & Suhas [12]. Fluoride is ubiquitous and enters in our body through water, food, industrial exposure, drugs and cosmetics etc; nevertheless, drinking water is the single major source of its daily intake WHO [13]. Fluoride in water below 1.5ppm aids in prevention of tooth decay, besides assisted in bone development, but if present above/heavy dose over long span causes dental, skeletal/nonskeletal fluorosis, tooth mottling, osteoporosis, collapsed vertebrae, and accumulative toxins Viswanathan & Siva Ilango [14]. Worldwide ground water is used for drinking purpose and fluoride contaminations in such waters are mainly due to leaching from ores, minerals/parent rock or artificially via industrial wastewaters besides contaminated surface waters Arora & Chattopadhya (1974). International Agency