Keberhasilan ibu bekerja memberikan ASI eksklusif 69 Keberhasilan ibu bekerja memberikan ASI eksklusif Best practice of working mothers in providing exclusive breastfeeding Intan Agustina Anggraeni 1 , Detty Siti Nurdiati 2 , Retna Siwi Padmawati 3 ABSTRACT Background: Indonesia faces double burden of nutritional problems, namely undernutrition and overnutrition. Exclusive breastfeeding may prevent infants from these kind of malnutritions. Working mothers are difficult to give exclusive breastfeeding due to some constraints and poor lactation management. Objectives: To explore the experience of working mothers who succeeded in providing exclusive breastfeeding. Methods: This was qualitative study using phenomenology design. It was conducted at Subdistrict of Sedayu, District of Bantul. Subjects were 13 mothers who purposively selected, work and have been successful provided exclusive breastfeeding, had children aged 6-24 months. Data were obtained through in-depth interview to the respondents and observation of lactation facilities at the working place. Data triangualation was performed through interview with husbands, baby sitters, colleagues and chairman of mother’s workplace. Results: Exploration of several information were studied, including intention to give exclusive breastfeeding, positive attitudes toward exclusive breastfeeding, perceived norms from social references, good self- efficacy, cultural aspect of breastfeeding, skills of lactation management, and environmental constraint experienced by mother. Intention of mothers during pregnancy was associated with behavior in providing exclusive breastfeeding. Intention to give exclusive breastfeeding was influenced by positive attitude and self-efficacy. There was difference in self-efficacy that influenced intention of mothers working in formal and informal sectors. Working mothers at formal and informal sectors differed in managing lactation. Despite some constraints and limited facilities mothers kept trying to provide exclusive breastfeeding. Conclusions: Working mothers have a specific strategy to succeed in providing exclusive breastfeeding. Education, facilities, and breastfeeding policies in workplace should be given to working mothers. KEYWORDS: exclusive breastfeeding, intention, lactation management, working mothers ABSTRAK Latar belakang: Indonesia menghadapi beban ganda masalah gizi, yakni gizi kurang dan gizi lebih. Salah satu cara untuk mencegah masalah gizi pada bayi adalah dengan memberikan ASI eksklusif. Ibu yang bekerja sulit untuk memberikan ASI eksklusif karena kendala yang tidak dapat diatasi dan manajemen laktasi yang buruk. Tujuan: Untuk mengeksplorasi pengalaman ibu bekerja di sektor formal dan informal yang sukses memberikan ASI eksklusif. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Sedayu, Kabupaten Bantul. Subjek diambil secara purposive sebanyak 13 orang. Kriteria inklusi subjek adalah ibu yang bekerja dan berhasil memberikan ASI eksklusif, memiliki anak usia 6-24 bulan dan bersedia menjadi subjek penelitian. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dengan responden dan observasi fasilitas laktasi di tempat kerja. Triangulasi data dilakukan dengan mewawancarai suami, pengasuh, rekan kerja, dan pemimpin. Hasil: Hasil penggalian informasi meliputi intensi ibu dalam memberikan ASI eksklusif, sikap positif terhadap ASI eksklusif, norma yang dipersepsikan dari lingkungan sosial, efikasi diri yang baik, budaya 1 Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Banjarnegara, Jl. Mayjen Sutoyo No.81 Banjarnegara, e-mail: intanagustinaanggraeni@gmail.com 2 Bagian Obstetri dan Ginekologi RSUP Dr. Sardjito, Jl.Kesehatan,Yogyakarta 3 Program Pasca Sarjana Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Farmako Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta JURNAL GIZI DAN DIETETIK INDONESIA Vol. 3, No. 2, Mei 2015: 69-76