Open Peer Review Any reports and responses or comments on the article can be found at the end of the article. RESEARCH ARTICLE Determining the and estimating the force of mortality for l children under five in Bangladesh [version 1; peer review: awaiting peer review] Md. Rafiqul Islam , Md. Sohel Rana , Md. Mosharaf Hossain , Aziza Sultana Rosy Sarkar , Ruhani Mat Min 3 Department of Population Science and Human Resource Development, Faculty of Science, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh Department of Applied Statistics, East West University, Aftabnagar, Dhaka, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh Department of Psychology and Counselling, Faculty of Business, Social & Economic Development, University Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, 21030, Malaysia Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh Abstract Under-five mortality is a health indicator in population health Background: and the health sciences. Force of death is a more accurate measure of mortality than others, which indicates the situation of mortality when time tends to zero. The purpose of this research is to construct a simulation for l (the number of people living at exact age x) for under-five mortality in Bangladesh as a whole, and separately for rural and urban areas, and then estimating the mortality rate in regard to these matched models. Secondary data were collected from Bangladesh Demographic Methods: and Health Survey 2007. A polynomial model was selected to match the l values. To prove the accuracy of the model, the rule of cross-validity was applied. It has been shown that fourth degree polynomial models can be Results: adjusted to values with explanation of more than 94% variation. It was l noted that the mortality rate shows a rapidly decreasing pattern for people aged 0-20 months, a monotonically increasing pattern for those aged 20-53.5 months and then it begins to decrease. It is found that the mortality rate in rural areas is higher than in urban areas of all ages. It has been shown that the mortality rate in rural areas is Conclusions: higher than for urban areas of all ages, except for those aged 53.5 months. The health situation should therefore be improved to reduce mortality in rural Bangladesh. Keywords Children under five years, Force of mortality, Urban and rural mortality, F-test, Bangladesh x 1 2 3 4 3 1 2 3 4 Reviewer Status AWAITING PEER REVIEW 03 Dec 2019, :2045 ( First published: 8 ) https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.21202.1 03 Dec 2019, :2045 ( Latest published: 8 ) https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.21202.1 v1 x x x Page 1 of 11 F1000Research 2019, 8:2045 Last updated: 04 DEC 2019