Research Article Contraceptive Use among Basic School Pupils in Ghana: A Case Study of a Municipality Fred Yao Gbagbo Department of Health Administration and Education, Faculty of Science Education, University of Education, Winneba, P.O. Box 25, Winneba, Central Region, Ghana Correspondence should be addressed to Fred Yao Gbagbo; gbagbofredyao2002@yahoo.co.uk Received 15 April 2020; Revised 4 September 2020; Accepted 15 September 2020; Published 24 September 2020 Academic Editor: Alessandro Mussa Copyright © 2020 Fred Yao Gbagbo. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Background. Ghana over the years strived to improve contraceptive services for young people through various policies and programs. Despite these efforts, contraceptive use among young people remains a challenge. In this study, contraceptive use among basic school pupils in a Ghanaian municipality was explored to inform policy and program decisions. Methods. The research design was a cross-sectional and mixed-method survey involving four hundred and twenty-seven (427) respondents randomly selected from four hundred and eleven (411) basic schools (102 from private and 309 from public basic schools) within Effutu Municipality of Ghana. Results. Basic school pupils in Ghana are generally sexually active but have high unmet needs for modern contraception due to sociocultural barriers, stigma, and misconceptions. Awareness and use are however more prevalent among junior high school pupils compared to those at the primary levels. Pupils who received contraceptive education from parents/guardians were, however, more likely to use modern contraceptives consistently than their counterparts who do not. Conclusions. Because young people in basic schools are becoming sexually active, there is a need for formalized contraceptive education in basic schools for correct information and education. 1. Background Reproductive health issues have been a global concern since the past decade [1], yet efforts to achieve the millennium development goals (MDGs) 5 have only made adolescent reproductive health issues only more prominent [2], without achieving remarkable global results. Consequently, the suc- ceeding sustainable development goal (SDG) 3 has empha- sized the crucial role of adolescent reproductive health research towards achieving the tenants of the sustainable development goal (SDG) 3 since reproductive health (RH) affects the total well-being of young people as they grow into adulthood [3]. Empirical evidence in recent times has shown that more than half of the world population is under the age of twenty-five years with one in four under age eighteen and in basic schools [4]. The basic school concept in Ghana comprises primary school and junior high school (JHS) for children from about four to eleven years old, in which they receive primary or elementary education. Usually, it comes after preschool and before secondary school [5]. In Ghana, adolescent reproduc- tive health is a great concern to the nation [6, 7]. This con- cern has been examined by researchers that observed that early commencement of sexual activities, poor knowledge of contraceptives, and limited access to and underutilization of reproductive health services are key challenges confront- ing national adolescent reproductive health initiatives [8] as poor knowledge of contraceptives among adolescents have been linked incomplete information and poor access result- ing to a high prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), unwanted pregnancies, and other maternal health problems among young people [9]. To ensure that young people are well educated to make informed decisions on their sexuality, the Nana Akufo Addo administration of the Republic of Ghana, in 2019, proposed a comprehensive sexuality education initiative in basic schools. The researches in this study, therefore, seek to explore aware- ness, knowledge, and contraceptive use of basic school pupils to inform policy and program decisions on contraception among the young people in Ghana. Hindawi International Journal of Pediatrics Volume 2020, Article ID 7521096, 8 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/7521096