J Econ (2011) 102:263–273
DOI 10.1007/s00712-010-0176-6
Coordination between a sophisticated and fictitious
player
Bryan C. McCannon
Received: 22 February 2010 / Accepted: 22 October 2010 / Published online: 11 November 2010
© Springer-Verlag 2010
Abstract Successful coordination is a common and important social problem.
Achieving it relies on the players’ ability to accurately anticipate future choices from
known information. Individuals may not only lack this cognitive ability, but differ in it.
Fictitious Play is an adaptive behavior where a myopic best response to the historical
play of an opponent is selected. I consider the interaction between a fictitious player
and a sophisticated player in 2 × 2 coordination games. The existence of coordination,
the selection of equilibria, and the payoffs generated are analyzed.
Keywords Coordination · Equilibrium selection · Fictitious Play
JEL Classification C72
1 Introduction
The necessity of coordination is prevalent in many social settings and is a common
feature of strategic interaction. Coordination failure arises when individuals fail to
select an equilibrium or choose strategies that lead to an equilibrium all find inferior
to another. Successful coordination relies on each individual accurately assessing her
environment to correctly anticipate her opponent’s selection.
Challenges arise if an individual lacks the cognitive ability to do this. Individuals
may not have the intelligence needed to derive the full contingency plan that traditional
repeated game theory assumes. Some players may use simpler adaptive rules to make
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article
(doi:10.1007/s00712-010-0176-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
B. C. McCannon (B )
Wake Forest University, Box 7505, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA
e-mail: mccannbc@wfu.edu
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