International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health | August 2017 | Vol 4 | Issue 8 Page 2750
International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health
Soman SK et al. Int J Community Med Public Health. 2017 Aug;4(8):2750-2756
http://www.ijcmph.com
pISSN 2394-6032 | eISSN 2394-6040
Original Research Article
Adolescent anaemia its prevalence and determinants: a cross-sectional
study from south Kerala, India
Sajith Kumar Soman, Binu Areekal*, Asha Joan Murali, Rosin George Varghese
INTRODUCTION
Anemia is currently one of the most common and
intractable nutritional problems globally. WHO estimates
the number of anemic people worldwide to be a
staggering two billion with approximately 50% of all
anemia attributable to iron deficiency.
1
Iron deficiency
anemia occurs at all stages of the life cycle, but is more
prevalent in pregnant women and young children.
Adolescents, particularly girls, are vulnerable to iron
deficiency.
2
For every case of iron deficiency anaemia, it
is estimated that 2.5 times is the number of people with
ABSTRACT
Background: Anaemia is currently one of the most common and intractable nutritional problems globally. During the
period of adolescence, iron requirements increase dramatically in both boys and girls resulting in a higher probability
of anaemia. The objective of the study was done to find out the prevalence of anaemia among adolescent boys and
girls in Ambalapuzha Taluk and to assess the scholastic performance of the anaemic and non-anaemic in the study
group.
Methods: The setting was different schools of Ambalapuzha Taluk and the study was cross sectional in nature. Study
subjects were children studying in 5
th
-10
th
standards selected from aided, unaided and government schools. The total
sample size of the study was 2789 subjects. Statistical analysis: Data was entered in Microsoft excel and was analysed
using SPSS 16.0 version
Results: The prevalence of anaemia in the whole population was 53.5% (C.I-51.64-55.34%). The anaemia prevalence
in females was 62.0% (C.I -59.33-64.6) and in males was 46.1% (C.I -43.55-48.61). Out of the total population 0.4%
were severely anaemic [male 0.3% (5) and female 0.5% (6)]. The prevalence of moderate anaemia was 3.4% [male
2.8% (41) and female 4.2% (54)] and that of mild anaemia was 49.7 [male 43% (640) and female 57.4% (746)]. The
factors that were found to be significantly associated with adolescent anaemia were female gender (62% vs. 46.1%),
being overweight (59.7% vs. 53.2), not taking WIFS regularly (56.5% vs. 51.8% and 28.6% among irregularly taking
WIFS and regular takers) and children coming from families with monthly income less than INR 1000.
Conclusions: On comparing the academic performance of anaemic and non-anaemic children it was found that the
aggregate marks was significantly lower in the anaemic group (178.11 marks) compared to the non-anaemic group
(217.63 marks) (p=0.001).
Keywords: Prevalence, Anaemia, Adolescents, Kerala, Scholastic performance
Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Kottayam, Kerala, India
Received: 04 July 2017
Revised: 17 July 2017
Accepted: 19 July 2017
*Correspondence:
Dr. Binu Areekal,
E-mail: drbinu840@rediffmail.com
Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20173318