International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health | September 2019 | Vol 6 | Issue 9 Page 3600
International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health
Rafisa A. Int J Community Med Public Health. 2019 Sep;6(9):3600-3603
http://www.ijcmph.com
pISSN 2394-6032 | eISSN 2394-6040
Original Research Article
Plate waste of inpatients with diabetes mellitus
Anggun Rafisa*
INTRODUCTION
Patients need to fulfill nutritional intake during treatment
in the hospital to help the healing process. Patients who eat
less than their nutritional needs will experience a decrease
in immune function. Patients will become lethargic, the
healing period becomes longer, the wound becomes
difficult to heal and vulnerable to infection.
1,2
The weak
patient's condition as a result of a failure in reaching their
nutritional requirements in the hospital will be aggravated
if the patient suffers from a disease that requires nutritional
therapy such as diabetes mellitus.
3
The International
Diabetes Federation (IDF) in 2012 stated that more than
371 million people worldwide had diabetes mellitus and
4.8 million people died from this disease.
4
The prevalence
of diabetes mellitus in Indonesia is only 1.1% in 2007 and
increased very high to 6.6% in the 2013.
4,5
The nutrition services of inpatient with diabetes mellitus is
very important because dietary management is the key to
controlling blood glucose level.
6
People with diabetes
mellitus need nutritional therapy to get better metabolic
control and prevent complications.
7
Diabetes mellitus
patients are recommended to reduce energy intake,
saturated fat, trans fat, cholesterol and sodium.
8
Foodservice quality is one of the indicators of nutrition
service quality in the hospital. The quality of food service
ABSTRACT
Background: The nutrition services of inpatient with diabetes mellitus is very important because dietary management
is the key to controlling blood glucose level. Ensuring the patient to consume all the food served by the hospital or
reduce the plate waste may help patients to meet their nutritional needs. This study aimed to investigate plate waste of
inpatient with diabetes mellitus in hospitals and its contributing factors so the quality of food service in the hospital
could be enhanced.
Methods: The sample of the study was 22 inpatient with diabetes mellitus at Al Islam Hospital in Bandung, Indonesia
from November 2014 to February 2015. The patient's plate waste at breakfast, lunch and dinner for 2 days was weighed
using an electronic scale. Patients were also interviewed to find out the reasons for wasting food.
Results: The overall mean of plate waste in this study was 13.26% of food served. Porridge was the type of food that
had the highest mean percentage of plate waste (17.38%). Vegetables were the second-highest wasted food (17.05%).
Loss of appetite, lack of knowledge, cold food temperature and large main plate portion were the reasons for food
wastage.
Conclusions: The type of food that wasted the most by inpatient with diabetes mellitus was porridge and vegetables.
Improving the quality of food service and delivery as well as increasing the role of health workers to educate and
encourage patients to eat while under treatment in hospitals are interventions that can be done to reduce the amount of
inpatient plate waste.
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Inpatient, Plate waste
Department of Oral Biology, University of Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
Received: 02 July 2020
Revised: 04 August 2020
Accepted: 10 August 2020
*Correspondence:
Dr. Anggun Rafisa,
E-mail: anggun.rafisa@unpad.ac.id
Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20203929