Annales Bogorienses Vol. 23, No. 1, 2019 1 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/ann.bogor.2019.v22.n2.1-12 DIVERSITY AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF LICHENS- ASSOCIATED ACTINOMYCETES IN CIBINONG SCIENCE CENTRE (CSC) AND CIBODAS BOTANICAL GARDEN (CBG) INDONESIA Agustina Eko Susanti 1* , Shanti Ratnakomala 2** , Wibowo Mangunwardoyo 3* and Puspita Lisdiyanti 2** 1 Postgraduate Student Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Universitas of Indonesia, Depok, 16424, Indonesia. 2 Research Center for Biotechnology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences Jl. Raya Bogor Km. 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia 3 Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Universitas of Indonesia, Depok, 16424, Indonesia Abstract Bioprospecting has developed to all biological taxa including procaryotic. Actinomycetes become interesting procaryotic because of the ability to produce important secondary metabolite for human life. Actinomycetes are known as the largest antibiotic producer that has a broad range habitat. Some research has been done to find new antibiotic from the various habitat of actinomycetes. One of the interesting habitats of actinomycetes which never been explored in Indonesia is lichens... Lichens as the symbiotic structure of alga and fungi areknown as the ecological niche of various kinds of microorganisms including actinomycetes. Cibinong Science Centre (CSC) and Cibodas Botanical Garden (CBG) have various species of trees as the habitat of lichens. These areas are known as one of the research locations to explore the biodiversity of Indonesia. The aims of this research is to study the diversity and antimicrobial potency of actinomycetes isolated from 10 lichen samples with various type of thallus; crustose, fructose and foliose. Lichen samples were grown on the bark of 9 trees species in CSC and CBG. Isolation process used three agar media; HV, YIM6 and YIM711 with cycloheximide and nalidixic acid. Molecular identification based on 16S rRNA gene sequence. Antimicrobial activity was tested to 65 isolates by agar diffusion method to Bacillus subtilis BTCC B.612, Escherichia coli BTCC B.614, Candida albicans BTCC Y.33, Staphylococcus aureus BTCC B.611, Micrococcus luteus BTCC B.552. Isolation process retrieved 125 isolates with the highest number grow on HV agar medium. Based on the sample, the highest number of actinomycetes were isolated from crustose lichen attached on the bark of Averrhoea carambola. A total 69 isolates were identified as the genera Actinoplanes, Amycolatopsis, Angustibacter, Kribbella, Micromonospora, Mycobacterium, and Streptomyces. The screening process showed 24 isolates have antimicrobial activity, with the highest inhibitory activity against Micrococcus luteus BTCC B.552. Keywords: Actinomycetes, Antimicrobial activity, Diversity, Identification 16S rRNA, Lichens ---------------------------- * Corresponding author: Cibinong Science Center, Jl. Raya Bogor Km. 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia Tel. +62-21-8754587, Fax. +62-21-87754588 E-mail. agustina.laz@gmail.com Introduction The pharmaceutical industry was implication of the bioprospecting development in humans life. Exploration various organisms as the drug sources has been developed to all biological taxa including procaryotic (Parrot et al., 2015). Ability of prokaryotic produce metabolite to inhibit the growth of pathogen microbes then explored as the source of new drugs. The discovery of new drugs in academics and laboratory level has traditionaly been focused on the exploitation of actinomycetes and filamentous fungi (Genniloud et al., 2011). Actinomycetes are virtually unlimited source of novel compound with many therapeutic application and hold a prominent position due to their diversity and ability to produce novel bioactive compound