Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine, 2016, 4, 83-102 http://www.scirp.org/journal/odem ISSN Online: 2333-357X ISSN Print: 2333-3561 DOI: 10.4236/odem.2016.44010 September 27, 2016 Knowledge Attitude and Practices Related on Prevention of Mosquito Borne Diseases and Sanitation Conditions in a Salvadoran Urban Community Roberto Mejía 1 , Alexandre Ribó 1 , Edgar Quinteros 1 , Alejandro López 1 , Paola Villegas 2 , Xavier F. Vela 3 , Ada Ruth Membreño 2 1 National Institute of Health, Ministry of Health of El Salvador, San Salvador, El Salvador 2 University of El Salvador, San Salvador, El Salvador 3 Scientific Advisor-Salvadoran Renal Foundation, Bronx, NY, USA Abstract Introduction: In El Salvador Mosquito Borne Diseases (MBDs) is a serious public health problem due to produce morbidity and mortality. They produce a high eco- nomic loss, which contributes to the collapse of the public health system. Over the years, the Salvadoran public health system has invested large amounts of resources to minimize the problem through campaigns against MBDs. Despite this, the popula- tion is still affected by diseases such as dengue, and more recently chikungunya and zika outbreaks. The aim of this study is to evaluate sanitation conditions variables and identify knowledge, attitudes, practices related to the prevention of MBDs. Me- thods: A cross-sectional survey about sanitation conditions and knowledge, attitudes and practices on prevention of MBDs of inhabitant’s ≥ 15 years from an urban community of a municipality with the highest number of cases reported in 2015. Re- sults: Majority of respondents (98.2%) had direct supply of drinking water; however 96.4% of respondents were agreed that they had an inconsistent water supply. Re- garding MBDs prevention respondents showed high acceptable knowledge (76.8%), high favorable attitude (92.1%) and an acceptable implementation of practices to- ward prevention reproduction of mosquitoes (58.5%) and a poor implementation of practices to prevent mosquito bites (38.3%). Conclusions: The findings revealed high acceptable knowledge about MBDs and a high favorable attitude regarding to pre- vent them, but also revealed a scarce implementation of prevention practices. The generalized storage of water on non-covered barrels because the inconsistent water supplies, can be source of proliferation of mosquitoes and therefore increases the risk How to cite this paper: Mejía, R., Ribó, A., Quinteros, E., López, A., Villegas, P., Vela, X.F. and Membreño, A.R. (2016) Know- ledge Attitude and Practices Related on Prevention of Mosquito Borne Diseases and Sanitation Conditions in a Salvadoran Ur- ban Community. Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine, 4, 83-102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/odem.2016.44010 Received: July 26, 2016 Accepted: September 24, 2016 Published: September 27, 2016 Copyright © 2016 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Open Access