© Blackwell Publishing Ltd. 2002 Food Service Technology, 2, pp. 155–161 155
Current environmental issues: a study of Sinai and Red Sea hotels
The hospitality industry is a major user of land, gen-
erates a considerable amount of waste and consumes
significant quantities of water, energy, food, cleaning
materials and other resources in its routine operations
(Wei & Ruys 1997). The industry should therefore seri-
ously start to consider their role in environmental
issues, as future prosperity depends more and more on
the natural environment (Wei & Ruys 1997). It needs
to be a ‘naturally green’ business (Porrit 1995), par-
ticularly, as environmental concerns have become an
important influence in consumer travel and purchase
decisions (Litvin 1996).
However, until the early 1960 there was little inter-
est in environmental management and the development
of environmental associations in the food service
and hospitality industry was very slow prior to the
International Hotels Environment Initiative. The first
practical outcome was a manual on environmental
management for hotels (IHEI 1993) followed by ini-
tiatives established by the Hotel, Catering and Interna-
tional Management Association (HCIMA) and the
World Travel and Tourism Council (HCIMA 1994).
The International Hotel Association (IHA) continues to
encourage hotels to develop programs to improve and
protect the environment, and in conjunction with the
United Nations Environment Program, produced an
‘Environmental Toolkit’ aimed at helping hotels set up
their own, individually tailored program (IHA 1995).
In some countries, Local Tourism Heritage Trusts have
been created which are voluntary mechanisms whereby
Editorial review
Correspondence:
Hanan S. Kattara, Faculty of
Tourism and Hotels c/o 394
El Gueish Street, Zizinia,
Plaza Hotel, Alexandria.
Egypt. E-mail:
hkattara@plazaegypt.com
Keywords:
Egypt, environment, hotels
Abstract
Environmental issues are now a concern in many industries including the food service
and hospitality industries. This paper examines environmental issues in hotels in the
newly developed tourist areas of the Sinai and Red Sea. Various environmental issues
were studied including environmental practices, managers attitudes towards envi-
ronmental issues, future environmental practices and anticipated hotel profitability
resulting from applying environmental practices. Results show an opportunity to
promote environmental practices in hotels and a high level of awareness and will-
ingness of managers to preserve the environment.
Introduction
Major changes have taken place over the past decade
in the relationship between human beings and the envi-
ronment. The impact of business operations on the
natural environment has been a public concern and a
topic of research for many years. To date, the focus of
environmental impact research has been almost exclu-
sively focused on manufacturing industries and service
industries have been neglected, despite the fact that
economies of developed nations are mostly made up of
services (Foster et al. 2000).
In Egypt, the government invested heavily in tourism
during the 1980s, especially after the Peace agreement,
and the hospitality industry grew at a very rapid pace.
During seven years (1985–92), Egypt’s tourist accom-
modation stock grew from under 25 000–55 000
rooms (WTO 1994). The number of rooms continues
to grow reaching approximately 124 000 rooms in
2001 and today, there are more than 104000 rooms
under construction (Wahab 2002). Due to the high
tourism demands and increasing numbers of both
national and overseas visitors who come to enjoy,
amongst other things, the underwater beauty, this
accelerated expansion is concentrated mainly in the
Sinai and the Red Sea areas. As a result of this expan-
sion, environmental concerns have become important,
and issues such as the high cost of water and the need
to preserve natural attractions, together with other
environmental problems, causes for concern.
H. S. Kattara
1
and A. W. Zeid
2
1
Faculty of Tourism and Hotels and
2
Faculty of Agriculture, c/o 394 El Gueish Street, Zizinia, Plaza Hotel, Alexandria,
Egypt