545 Kant S. et al. / International Journal of Biological & Pharmaceutical Research. 2012; 3(4): 545-549. e- ISSN 0976 - 3651 Print ISSN 2229 - 7480 International Journal of Biological & Pharmaceutical Research Journal homepage: www.ijbpr.com ASSOCIATION OF CLINICAL SYMPTOMS WITH SMOKING QUANTITY IN NORTHERN INDIAN COPD PATIENTS AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL Shukla RK 1 , Kant S 1* , Bhattacharya S 2 , Mittal B 3 1,* University Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj Medical University (Erstwhile King George Medical College), Department of Pulmonary Medicine, 226003, Lucknow, India. 2 University Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj Medical University (Erstwhile King George Medical College), Department of Physiology, 226003, Lucknow, India. 3 Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Genetics, 226014, Lucknow, India. ABSTRACT COPD is a complex mix of signs and symptoms in patients with chronic bronchitis and emphysema, diseases that largely result from cigarette smoking. Not all smokers acquire COPD. Surprisingly, there are no effective drug therapies for COPD that are able to significantly alter disease progression, and little is known of the underlying molecular mechanisms that are responsible for its occurrence. To evaluate the association of clinical symptoms with the smoking quantity in northern Indian population. We enroll 412 subjects’ 204 cases/208 controls) from the out patients department of pulmonary medicine Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj Medical University, (Erstwhile King George’s Me dical College), UP, Lucknow. For the assessment of COPD we used GOLD guideline. A detailed medical history of risk factors viz., Smoking, tobacco chewing, biomass fuel exposure, occupation clinical and pulmonary function evolution were recorded, and for the analysis we use Chi square test to look the association between clinical symptoms with smoking quantity. No differences were observed between the clinical symptoms with the smoking quantity but most of the patients having 10-15 cigarette daily consumption. So we conclude that none of the clinical symptoms were associated with the smoking quantity. Key Words: COPD, Chronic obstructive Pulmonary Disease. INTRODUCTION Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of chronic morbidity and mortality which represents a substantial economic and social burden throughout the world. It is the fifth leading cause of death worldwide and further increases in its prevalence and mortality are expected in the coming decades. The substantial morbidity associated with COPD is often underestimated by health-care providers and patients; Corresponding Author Kant S Email : dr.kantskt@rediffmail.com likewise, COPD is frequently under diagnosed and undertreated. COPD develops earlier in life than is usually believed. Tobacco smoking is by far the major risk for COPD and the prevalence of the disease in different countries is related to rates of smoking and time of introduction of cigarette smoking. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading but under-recognised cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide (Pauwels RA et al., 2004). The prevalence of COPD in the general population is estimated to be, 1% across all ages rising steeply to 10% amongst those aged 40 yrs. The prevalence climbs appreciably higher with age. The 30-yr projections for the global IJBPR