THIEME
1 Letter to the Editor
From Point A to MRI-Guided Brachytherapy in Cancer
Cervix: Rationalizing Brachytherapy Practice in India
Sajal Goel
1
Munish Gairola
2
Anil K. Dhull
3
Vikas Roshan
4
Meenakshi Mittal
5
1
Department of Radiation Oncology, Patel Hospital, Jalandhar,
Punjab, India
2
Department of Radiation Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute
and Research Center, Rohini, Delhi, India
3
Department of Radiation Oncology, Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS,
Rohtak, Haryana, India
4
Department of Radiation Oncology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi
Narayana Superspeciality Hospital, Jammu and Kashmir, India
5
Department of Radiation Oncology, Ivy Hospital, Chandigarh, India
Address for correspondence Sajal Goel, DNB, Department of
Radiation Oncology, Patel Hospital, Civil Lines, Jalandhar 144001,
Punjab, India (e-mail: drsajal.goel@gmail.com).
DOI https://doi.org/
10.1055/s-0039-3401473
ISSN 2454-6798.
©2019 Spring Hope Cancer
Foundation & Young Oncologist
Group of Asia
Asian J Oncol
Cervical brachytherapy practice in India is diverse. The
choice of appropriate technique depends on residual tumor
topography at brachytherapy, availability of applicators, and
expertise.
Image-based interstitial brachytherapy adequately cov-
ers parametrial and posterior disease, prevents overdosage
to critical organs in small cervix, and spares sigmoid colon
better.
1
The residual tumor in pelvis should be thoroughly
assessed using clinical examination, X-ray, computed tomog-
raphy (CT) scan, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or
ultrasound. Most radiation oncologists are comfortably per-
forming CT-based brachytherapy. MRI-based brachytherapy
is less commonly used. CT overestimates the disease but MRI
is more conformal, although the latter requires more time
and expertise. Ultrasound is an effective alternative to clin-
ical examination and MRI of pelvis for delineating residual
disease.
2
Intraoperative ultrasound helps in guiding place-
ment of uterine tandem and prevents uterine perforation.
3
The structures chiefly contoured are gross tumor volume
(GTV), high risk clinical target volume (HRCTV), intermediate
risk clinical target volume (IRCTV), bladder, rectum, and sig-
moid.
4
The prescription points are Point A and HRCTV.
4
The applicators used routinely are Fletcher Suit Delclos,
Manchester Tandem and Ovoid, Ring and Tandem (including
MRI compatible), Vienna, Martinez Universal Perineal Inter-
stitial Template (MUPIT), and Syed Neblett template.
5
MRI-based brachytherapy as routine seems difficult due
to the uncommon practice of delineating IRCTV, high patient
load, and cost. However, existing literature substantiates that
MRI-based brachytherapy offers better local control, progres-
sion-free survival, overall survival, and less grade 3–4 com-
plications of organs at risk.
6,7
These advantages translate into
less overall treatment cost.
8
It seems a good alternative for
future brachytherapists.
Funding
None.
Note
Presentation at a meeting: Proceedings from a multi-insti-
tutional panel discussion in North Zone AROICON 2019
Organization: Sri Guru Ram Das University of Medical
Sciences
Place: Amritsar, Punjab
Date: 21 September 2019
Confict of Interest
None declared.
Acknowledgments
The authors want to acknowledge useful inputs from
Dr. Anchal Aggarwal and Dr. Shikha Chawla, who are both
serving as consultants, and Christy Alekchander and Anjali
Sharma, who are both serving as medical physicists in the
Department of Radiation Oncology at the Patel Hospital in
Jalandhar, Punjab, India.
References
1 Vargo JA, Beriwal S. Image-based brachytherapy for cervical
cancer. World J Clin Oncol 2014;5(5):921–930
2 Mahantshetty U, Khanna N, Swamidas J, et al. Trans-abdominal
ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) correla-
tion for conformal intracavitary brachytherapy in carcinoma of
the uterine cervix. Radiother Oncol 2012;102(1):130–134
3 Spartacus RK, Dana R, Gaur P, Nandwana U, Rastogi K, Agarwal
N. The role of ultrasound-guided applicator placement in
Published online: 04.12.2019