Open Journal of Epidemiology, 2020, 10, 66-80 https://www.scirp.org/journal/ojepi ISSN Online: 2165-7467 ISSN Print: 2165-7459 DOI: 10.4236/ojepi.2020.101006 Feb. 5, 2020 66 Open Journal of Epidemiology Microbiological Quality of the Effluents Produced by the University and Hospital Centres in the Department of Littoral, Republic of Benin Judicaël Todedji 1 , Cyriaque Degbey 1,2* , Evelyne Soclo 1 , Arouna Yessoufou 3 , Jean Wilfried Hounfodji 4 , Ferdinand Goudjo 5 , Fidèle Suanon 3 , Daouda Mama 3 1 Regional Institute of Public Health, University of Abomey-Calavi, Ouidah, Benin 2 University Hospital Hygiene Clinic, National University Hospital Center Hubert Koutoukou MAGA, Cotonou, Benin 3 Laboratory of Applied Hydrology, University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, Benin 4 Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry and Molecular Spectroscopy, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, Benin 5 Inorganic Chemistry and Environment Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, Benin Abstract Introduction: The effluents generated by hospital activities pose a potential danger to health and the environment. This study aimed to study the microbi- ological quality of the effluents produced by the university and hospital centres of Littoral department. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of 60 samples of hospital effluents from sewage treatment plants and septic tanks carried out during the period from April to June 2019. Samples at the station were made at the entrance and exit of the station. Samples for micro- biological analysis were collected in pre-sterilized 500 mL glass bottles. Sam- ples were kept between at 2˚C - 8˚C and in the dark to ensure satisfactory preservation. ANOVA one-way analysis of variance was performed for each microbiological parameter and principal component analysis (PCA) was also performed. Results: The bacteriological analyses carried out on the 60 sam- ples taken showed a significant microbiological load. In fact, the bacteriolog- ical parameters measured and compared to the pollutant release standards in the environment show that the number of germs identified is above the rec- ommended guideline values. The average values for total coliforms, faecal co- liforms, faecal streptococci and staphylococci were: 3.91 × 10 5 UFC/100 mL, 0.52 × 10 5 UFC/100 mL, 3.92 × 10 5 UFC/100 mL and 1.36 × 10 5 UFC/100 mL, respectively. The most isolated bacteria were: Klebsiella pneumoniae, Kleb- How to cite this paper: Todedji, J., Deg- bey, C., Soclo, E., Yessoufou, A., Hounfodji, J.W., Goudjo, F., Suanon, F. and Mama, D. (2020) Microbiological Quality of the Ef- fluents Produced by the University and Hospital Centres in the Department of Littoral, Republic of Benin. Open Journal of Epidemiology, 10, 66-80. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojepi.2020.101006 Received: December 13, 2019 Accepted: February 2, 2020 Published: February 5, 2020 Copyright © 2020 by author(s) and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Open Access