T ransactions on R R eplication esearch Methodological Replication DOI: 10.17705/1atrr.00041 ISSN 2473-3458 Volume 5 Paper 9 pp. 1 – 15 2019 Examining Longhand vs. Laptop Debate: A Replication Study Alanah Mitchell Information Management & Business Analytics College of Business & Public Administration Drake University, Iowa, USA alanah.mitchell@drake.edu Liping Zheng Economics & Finance College of Business & Public Administration Drake University, Iowa, USA liping.zheng@drake.edu Abstract: There is a considerable controversy regarding laptop usage in the classroom, with some studies arguing the benefits of laptops in the classroom and others suggesting that a laptop free environment is superior. In an effort to address this controversy, Mueller and Oppenheimer (2014) conducted three different experiments to determine whether typing notes on a laptop or handwriting notes in a notebook impacted academic performance. This research replicated the first of these experiments in a classroom environment as opposed to a lab environment. The original study found that students who did not use laptops for note-taking in class performed better on conceptual application questions, while our study found that students who do not use laptops for note-taking in class performed better on factual recall questions instead. Our updated findings suggest there is more work to do to understand the longhand versus laptop debate. Keywords: Laptops, Note-taking, Technology in classroom, Higher education, Replication The manuscript was received 04/09/2019 and was with the authors 9 months for 2 revisions.