ORIGINAL ARTICLE Current status of Japanese HIV-infected patients with coagulation disorders: coinfection with both HIV and HCV Shinobu Tatsunami Æ Junichi Mimaya Æ Akira Shirahata Æ Jir ˇı ´ Zelinka Æ Ivana Horova ´ Æ Jugo Hanai Æ Yutaka Nishina Æ Katsumi Ohira Æ Masashi Taki Received: 21 December 2007 / Revised: 2 June 2008 / Accepted: 24 June 2008 / Published online: 2 August 2008 Ó The Japanese Society of Hematology 2008 Abstract We herein report on the current status of Japanese HIV-positive patients with coagulation disorders, primarily hemophilia, based on the national survey of 31 May 2006. The total number of registered patients was 1,431 (Hemophilia A 1,086; Hemophilia B 325; von Willebrand disease 8; others 12), and 604 of these patients were deceased by 31 May 2006. The survival rate after the beginning of 1983 was evaluated by the Kaplan–Meier method. The total number of surviving patients was 827, and the survival rate on 31 May 2006 was 55.7 ± 1.4%. Among the 827 surviving patients, HCV antibody was observed in 740, was negative in 16, and was not reported in 71 patients. Thus, the prevalence of HCV infection was 98% in the surviving patients based on the presence of HCV antibody. Among the 604 deceased patients, liver disease was reported as a cause of death in 149 cases (25%), and infection with HCV was reported as the pos- sible cause of liver disease in 120 cases (20%). After 1997, 63 cases among the subtotal of 148 deaths had critical hepatic disease that originated from HCV infection, which accounted for 43% of the subtotal. The cumulative rate of patients who received interferon therapy was 32%. Inter- feron therapy should be prescribed more frequently to HIV- positive patients with coagulation disorders in order to realize the survival benefits, although clinicians should be aware of side effects and toxicities. Keywords Hemophiliacs Á Coagulation disorders Á HIV Á HCV Á Survival Á Surveillance 1 Introduction Before protease inhibitors became available in 1996, the prognoses of patients with diseases that developed after infection with HIV-1 were major topics in AIDS research S. Tatsunami (&) Unit of Medical Statistics, Faculty of Medical Education and Culture, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki 216-8511, Japan e-mail: s2tatsu@marianna-u.ac.jp J. Mimaya Division of Hematology and Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 420-8660, Japan A. Shirahata Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan J. Zelinka Á I. Horova ´ Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic e-mail: zelinka@math.muni.cz I. Horova ´ e-mail: horova@math.muni.cz J. Hanai Medical Care and Human Rights Network, Osaka 530-0047, Japan Y. Nishina Nishina and Fukado Law Office, Tokyo 102-0094, Japan K. Ohira Social Welfare Corporation HABATAKI Welfare Project, Tokyo 162-0814, Japan M. Taki Department of Pediatrics, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Yokohama City Seibu Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa 241-0811, Japan 123 Int J Hematol (2008) 88:304–310 DOI 10.1007/s12185-008-0144-x