Internal Migration in Sweden: The Effects
of Mobility Grants and Regional Labour
Market Conditions
Olle Westerlund
Abstract. The main purpose of this study is to investigate whether variations in
mobility grants have affected internal migration in Sweden. The paper also contains
an exploration of how changing labour market conditions influence the migratory
behaviour of the unemployed in comparison with other individuals. The results
indicate that total migration flows respond to changes in labour market conditions in
accordance with predictions from economic theory. This finding seems mainly to
stem from the migratory behaviour of the unemployed. Furthermore, non-matching
migration subsidies at the levels employed are not found to be migration enhancing.
1. Introduction
The ability of a country’s labour market to respond to changing
supply and demand conditions is a key factor in the battle to achieve
low unemployment and inflation rates. Sluggish growth, increasing
rates of unemployment and inflation accompanied by indications of
less flexible labour markets during the 1970s, led to a growing
interest in various aspects of the supply-side of the economy, among
them the geographical mobility of labour. Together with many other
European countries, Sweden experienced falling migration rates
Olle Westerlund, University of Ume˚ a, Department of Economics, S.901 Ume˚ a,
Sweden.
The author acknowledges helpful comments and valuable suggestions from Roger
Axelsson, Kurt Br¨ ann¨ as and Karl-Gustaf L¨ ofgren at Ume˚ a University, Per-Anders
Edin at Uppsala University, Michael Wyzan at Bulgarian Ministry of Finance, and
an anonymous referee. Financial support has been received from the Delegation for
Labour Market Policy Research (EFA), Swedish Ministry of Labour.
Received on 5 July, 1995 and approved by the Editorial Board on November 6,
1997.
LABOUR 12 (2) 363–388 (1998) JEL J61
© Fondazione Giacomo Brodolini and Blackwell Publishers Ltd 1998, 108 Cowley Road, Oxford OX4 1JF, UK and
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