Journal of Mechanical Science and Engineering 7(2) 19-23, 2020 ISSN 2354-9467 © JMSE 2020 19 CNC PROGRAM AND PROGRAMMING OF CNC MACHINE Maya Fatriyana. 1,2 1 Research and Development Staff, Karya Sawit Lestari Ltd., South Sumatera, Indonesia 2 Mechanical Engineering Department, Sriwijaya University, South Sumatera, Indonesia ABSTRACT A programming to make parts are CNC Programming (Computer Numerical Control Programming) for machines. An NC program consists of a sequence of instructions that control the motion and automatic sequences of an NC Machine to perform a particular processing task. In a general sense, the term NC programming refers to the creation of control data for machining workpieces on NC and CNC machines. NC programming has a decisive influence on the cost-effectiveness and profitability of NC manufacturing. The selection of a programming system is mostly guided by the need for software that is suitable for the application at hand, readily available, and as universally applicable as possible. Keywords: CNC Program, CNC Machine, Manufacturing System 1 INTRODUCTION The art of programming CNC machines to make parts is often called CNC Programming (Computer Numerical Control Programming). An NC program consists of a sequence of instructions that control the motion and automatic sequences of an NC Machine. Numerical control (NC) enables an operator to communicate with machine tools through a series of numbers and symbols.[1] Figure 1 shows the basic structure of the NC program. The blocks describe the entire work process of the machine step by step. Each block corresponds to a line in the NC program and consists of one and more words. The words are composed of address letters and numerical value. The essential characteristic of an NC program is that it allows direct programming of dimensional data (dimension) and motion-related functions (G-functions). Another crucial aspect of an NC program is that it contains all dimensional data, switching information, and it is straightforward to modify or replace. In a general sense, the term NC programming refers to the creation of control data for machining workpieces on NC and CNC machines. There are currently a variety of commercial programming solutions available, including automated NC programming. Solutions differ in efficiency, reliability, universality, and flexibility. Until now, it has not been possible to track universal solutions for NC machine programming.[2] The whole process of making a product is closely related to machine tools or manufacturing companies; that reliability is essential [3]. Figure 1 The basic structure of an NC program in the address format. For machining time reduction, new technological methods of multi-axis milling and high-speed cutting are needed. This process has necessitated the evolution of new ways of NC programming to increase the speed of tool path calculation and accuracy. [4]