Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2016) 5(8): 458-469 458 Original Research Article http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2016.508.049 Effect of Biofertilizers as a Partial Substitute for Mineral Fertilizers on Growth, Anatomical Structure, Mineral Elements and Yield of Wheat under Newly Reclaimed Soil Conditions Ragab S. Taha 1 , Ayman H.A. Mahdi 2 * and Hamdy A. Abd El-Rahman 3 1 Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, 63514 Fayoum, Egypt 2 Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, 63514 Fayoum, Egypt 3 Soil science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, 63514 Fayoum, Egypt *Corresponding author ABSTRACT Introduction Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important and strategic crops in the world. It's grains is a staple human food where bread wheat is the main food of people in many countries approximately 70% calories and 80% protein of human diet is supplied from its consumption (Taregh et al., 2011). Also, straw can be used as a fodder for live-stock. The demand for food crops continues to increased due to population growth which has led to increased consumption. This reflects the size of the problem and the efforts needed to increase wheat production. Thus, increased production per unit area appears to be one of the important factors for bridging the gap between wheat production and consumption. Biofertilizers are known as microbial inoculants and consist of artificially International J. Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 5 Number 8 (2016) pp. 458-469 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Two field experiments were conducted at the Demo Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University during 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 seasons, to study the effect of biofertilizers application (Butassine N as foliar and Biogen as inoculation) and mineral fertilizers (NPK) at 50, 75 and 100% of the recommended dose on growth, yield, anatomical structure and physiological attributes of wheat plants. The results showed that application of biofertilizers in combination with mineral fertilizers (NPK) significantly increased plant height, number of tillers plant -1 , number of spikes plant -1 , number of spikeletes spike -1 , spike length, fresh weight plant -1 and dry weight plant -1 . This resulted in an increase in grain yield per fed which reached 18.02 and 14.95% during two seasons, respectively by the combined treatment of Butassine N+75% NPK. All treatments greatly increased stem section diameter, leaf pigments, total carbohydrates, protein%, nutrient elements, relative water content (RWC%) and membrane stability index (MSI%) in leaves. However, both total soluble sugar (TSS) and proline declined. From these results it could be recommend using Butassine N in combination with 75% NPK to minimize chemical fertilizers dose under newly reclaimed soil conditions. Keywords Wheat, biofertilizers and mineral fertilizers, growth, stem anatomy, grain yield, chemical analysis. Accepted: 21 July 2016 Available Online: 10 August 2016 Article Info