International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine, Vol 11 (3), 399-404 Published online in http://ijam.co.in ISSN No: 0976-5921 Research Article Key Words: Aphrodisiac, Cannabis indica, Herbal aphrodisiacs, Sexual behavior study. Introduction Infertility is one of the major health problems couple's lives; approximately 30% of couple’s infertilities are due to male factors. Around 10-14% Indian population suffering from infertility. Nearly 27.5 million ones are trying to conceive suffering from infertility in India. WHO estimates that there are 60 -80 million infertile couples worldwide.(1) Loss of interest in sex or problems with sexual arousal makes most individuals experience and express discomfort in their sexual behavior. Such concerns or changes may arise from an illness or disability, medication or surgical procedure, changes accompanying the aging process(2), relationship difficulties(3) performance anxiety(4), or a combination of any of these factors. There are three basic types of sexual dysfunction; disorders of desire - takes the form of inadequate sexual desire (libido) in both sexes(5) disorders of excitement (or arousal) in men, impotence(6) disorders of orgasm, includes difficulty achieving orgasm in both men and women but more common among men.(7) Libido refers to an individual’s desire for sexual activity. This can also be called sex drive. Factors that affect libido include psychological factors, biological factors and social factors. Personality and the level of stress an individual is exposed to be internal psychological factors that can affect sexual desire(8). Discovery of oral phosphodiesterase type 5(PDE5) inhibitors particularly sildenafil (Viagra), tadalafil (Cialis), and vardenafil (Levitra) has revolutionized treatment of male sexual disorder (MSD).(9) There are many herbal drugs that have been used by men with erectile dysfunction (ED) with varying degrees of success. Most potent herbal aphrodisiacs are available and have little or very little side effects.(10) The Ayurvedic system of medicine addresses the problem of sexual deficiencies by treatment with specialized therapy known as 'Rasayana therapy'. A class of 'Rasayana' or drugs also known as 'Vrishya' or 'Vajikaran Rasayan' has been prescribed debility, especially encountered old age. 'Vajakarna therapy' includes aphrodisiac drugs for erectile dysfunction, reasons of infertility, spermatogenesis, semenogenesis, reproduction, methods of correcting defective semen and sexual satisfaction.(11) According to traditional information and published text available from various sources a plant Cannabis indica leaves have some active phyto- chemical entity that we have been proved in our laboratory to exhibit good aphrodisiac potential. Pharmacological Evaluation of Cannabis indica For Their Aphrodisiac Potential Asheesh Kumar Gupta 1* , Anurekha Jain 2 , Partha Roy 3 , Ramandeep Singh 4 1. Research Scholar, 2. Dean, Department of Pharmacy, Jyoti Vidyapeeth Woman's University Mahela, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. 3. Professor, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India. 4. Associate Professor and Head, Himachal Institute of Pharmacy, Paonta Sahib, Himachal Pradesh, India. Abstract Objective: The plant Cannabis indica is a very popular and well known plant across the globe since thousands of years. In India also it is even more popular as bhang or marijuna from ancient time. A quite descriptions of this plant is written in various ancient books like the granths, vedas, puranas, ayurvedic books, dravyaguna, etc.. Number of medicinal properties have been described for different parts of the plant like flower buds(Ganja), Leaf (Bhang) & Leaf wax (Charas). All the parts of this plant have potent and complex psychotropic properties along with some additional therapeutic actions on different body systems. Here we have fond some opportunities to evaluate herbal extracts of leaves for having aphrodisiac potential. Method: The aphrodisiac activity of Cannabis indica leaf extracts (Pet.ether, methenol & aqueous) were evaluated in male albino rats. Extracts were administered at a dose of 150mg/kg body weight. At an interval of 0,7,14,21 & 28 day several sexual behavior parameters were determined. At the end serum testosterone and FSH level were also determined. Results: This study also contributes to the pharmacology of aphrodisiacs as the plant Cannabis indica leaf extracts has significant effects on sexual physiology. It has shown effects on sexual behaviors as well as significant change in gonadotropin hormone labels in animal blood serum. Conclusion: This study provides a strong experimental evidence for its aphrodisiac use. 399 * Corresponding Author: AsheeshKumar Gupta Research Scholar, Department of Pharmacy, Jyoti Vidyapeeth Woman's University Mahela, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. Email Id: guptaasheesh01@gmail.com