Tourism Marketing Management Hand- book Prentice Hall, London (1989) 351- 355 ~Gaster, L 'Quality and deeentralisation: are they connected?" Policy and Politics 1991 19 (4) 257-267 12Harding, M 'A lady, not a tramp" Busi- ness Traveller 1993 (August) 34-35 ~JDignon, A 'Two's company for female executives; Scotland" The Sunday Times 8 September 1991 ~4Domestic Travel Digest 'Business travel findings' Domestic Travel Digest 1992 5 4 ~ Domestic Travel Digest 'Business travel findings" Domestic travel digest 1992 10 6 l~'Domestic Travel Digest 'OAG Survey, Domestic Travel Digest 1992 26 7 WSmith, A 'Businesswomen in fear of vio- lence; Scotland" The Sunday Times" 13 September 1992 J~Brown, M 'Flights, ferries and the fairer sex' Management Today 1993 (April) 77-83 V~Jones, P and Davies, A 'Empowerment: a study of general managers of four star hotel properties in the UK' Int J Hospitality Management 1991 10 (3) 211-217 2~Bull, A The Economics of Travel and Tourism Pitman, London (1989) 21Cooper, C et al Tourism Principles and Practice Pitman, London (1993) 22Haywood, K M 'Revising and im- plementing the marketing concept as it applies to tourism" Tourism Management 1990 11 (9) 195-2115 23Slattery, P 'Hotel branding in the 1990s' EIU Travel and Tourism Analyst 1991 1 23-25 z4Shaw, G and Williams, A 'Tourism and development: overviews and case studies of the UK and South West Region' in Tourism Research Group: A Series of Dis- cussion Papers 1987 4 25Ajzen, I and Fishbein, M Understanding Attitudes and Predicting Social Behaviour Prentice Hall, New Jersey (1980) 26Dann, D T "Strategy and management work in hotels' lnt J Contemporary Hospi- tality Management 1991 3 (2) 23-25 27Wood, R C Working in Hotels and Cater- ing Routledge, London (1992) 28Schneider, D J Introduction to Social Psychology Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, USA (1988) 179 ~Selfe, P Advanced Sociology Pan, Lon- don (1987) 3°Rowbotham, S Woman's Consciousness, Man's World Penguin, Harmondsworth (1973) Progress in Australian tourism research and education Australia's 1995 National Tourism and Hospitality Research and Educa- tion Conference was held in February in Melbourne, hosted by Victoria University. As in previous years, the conference attracted mainly educa- tors and researchers based at Australian universities. The conference consisted of two modules, an education module consisting of 14 papers and workshops presented in a day and a half, and some 53 research papers presented in the two days devoted to the research module. As with most conferences of this nature, the quality of the papers was variable, but there was a noticeable increase in papers of theoretical and methodologic- al merit. Thanks to the work of the conference convenor and proceedings editor, Professor Robin Shaw, and the support of the Council for Australian University Tourism and Hospitality Education (CA UTILE), a collection of 25 refereed papers was available at the conference, and is also available for purchase. Tourism education module Two key papers in the tourism educa- tion module set the scene for this part of the Conference by overviewing re- cent trends in tourism education in Australia and Oceania. Brian King observed that the internationalization of world economies has been reflected in the reduced significance of national boundaries in education delivery. He also noted that this was being reflected in the greater involvement of Austra- lian and New Zealand institutions in offshore educational initiatives in the Asian-Pacific regions. Mechanisms such as greater standardization of prior learning and articulation arrange- ments, and international staff/student exchanges are facilitating this process. In a separate paper based on a survey of tourism programmes being offered in Australian universities, Josette Reports Wells identified a move away from integrated specific-purpose tourism programs to the offering of tourism majors within more generic degrees. Ecotourism was identified in the Wells paper as an emerging field that is being addressed specifically in some programs. Aspects of the teaching of ecotourism in university programs were addressed by a number of papers and a workshop. Sharon Pfueller de- scribed an approach to incorporating a practical experience component in an ecotourism marketing course de- veloped by Monash University. A pertinent point regarding the growing interest in ecotourism was raised by Wen and Tisdell in a subsequent ses- sion of the conference's research mod- ule. In their analysis, they suggested that ecotourism may be used as an excuse to develop tourism in environ- mentally fragile areas, rather than as an approach to ensuring sustainable tourism development. In the workshop (on ecotourism training) facilitated by Betty Weiler, participants brainstormed in small groups to identify the strengths and weaknesses of current education and training opportunities in ecotourism in Australia. There was general consen- sus that there has been considerable development in full-time university- level ecotourism education, but a lack of grass-roots training opportunities. Several papers looked at education- al and training issues in specific set- tings and, in the process, highlighted the diversity of training needs and approaches in the tourism field. Jus- tine Digance used a case study of training methods employed by Warner Brothers Movieworld (Gold Coast) to illustrate the behavioural training model applied in situations where scripted performers are an integral part of the job's requirements. Andrew Terry highlighted the need for a cultural change towards a more professional approach to management in the club sector and outlined the training implications of effecting such a change. Ian Kelly's presentation provided an insight into the way newspaper reports can be a valuable source of information and a stimulus for discus- sion in tourism teaching. In discussion Tourism Management 1995 Volume 16 Number 5 393