International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887) Volume 159 – No 7, February 2017 1 Study of Routing Algorithms in DTN Enabled Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network Rakesh Kumar Agarwal M.Tech. Scholar Department of CSE, Maharishi Arvind College of Engg. & R.C. aipur, Rajasthan Manish Mathuria Assistant Professor Department of CSE, M.A.C.E.R.C. Jaipur Manish Sharma Assistant Professor Department of CSE, M.A.C.E.R.C. Jaipur ABSTRACT Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are the special type of mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) that are very frequent network in which partitions are caused by node mobility. Delay tolerant network (DTN) follows the approach to store and forward the message. Delay Tolerant Networks (DTN) are the networks which do not require the immediate data delivery and these networks can wait for a specific time period before transferring of data. VANET introduces lot of challenges because of high mobility of the nodes and fast topology changes in the VANET. Various kind of routing protocols have been designed and presented by the researchers after considering the major challenges that are involved in DTN enabled VANETs. This paper provides a survey of the VANET, DTN and routing protocols for DTN enabled VANET. Keywords VANET, DTN, VDTN, Routing algorithm, FFRDV. 1. INTRODUCTION Wireless networks have enabled number of devices to be connected over the vast distances [1]. But they still cannot reach everywhere, and for some of the applications, their cost is preventing. Ad hoc networks are infrastructure free, wirelessly connected and distributed systems in which no central administration is available for controlling the different operations in network. Each node has capabilities of a router that helps in providing the multi hop communication among the mobile nodes which do not have direct link. There are some constraints in the ad hoc networks i.e. limited battery backup, radio range, and heterogeneity of devices [2]. There is development in the intelligent transportation systems (ITS). It is due to the human desire for change, progress, mobility, entertainment, safety and security So Vehicular Ad- hoc network is most suitable technology for ITS. The participating mobile nodes in VANET communication networks (vehicles) interact with each other by short-range direct communications, by anticipating messages through vehicles (Vehicle-to-Vehicle) and road side units [3]. Information about traffic on the road is obtained through inductive loops, roadside sensors and studies. VANETs offer locations for collecting the real time information– from onboard sensors placed on vehicles and its quick distribution. The information collected through every individual vehicles participating in the network now integrated together to form a real time picture of the particular road situation. The various ITS stakeholders like different governments, communication companies and vehicle manufacturers are working together to make the “VANET based ITS” a reality [3]. This paper is organized in five sections. In first section, the introduction is given. In second section, the vehicular adhoc network (VANET) is explained which covers architecture, routing protocols and different scenarios. In third section, delay tolerant network (DTN) is discussed. In fourth section, routing algorithm in Vehicular DTN is discussed. The last fifth section gives the conclusion. 2. VEHICULAR AD-HOC NETWORK (VANET) Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are different from the basic wireless network because of high mobility and the predictable mobility patterns [2]. Vehicular ad hoc network is very popular area of research in which different researchers from all over the world are devoting their time to provide a safe and enjoyable drive on crowded roads. Communication in VANETs is more challenging due to infrastructure free environment and frequently changes in the network. In VANTEs the nature of motion can be predicted by using the roads and digital city maps [2]. 2.1. System Architecture According to the IEEE 1471-2000 and ISO/IEC 42010 the VANETs system can be divided into three domains: the mobile domain, the infrastructure domain, and the generic domain [4]. As is shown in figure 1, the mobile domain also consists of two parts: the vehicle domain and the mobile device domain. The vehicle domain contains all kinds of vehicles like cars and buses. The mobile device domain contains all kinds of portable devices like smart phones. In the infrastructure domain, there are also two domains: the roadside infrastructure domain and the central infrastructure domain. The roadside infrastructure domain contains roadside unit entities like traffic lights. The central infrastructure domain contains infrastructure management centers like traffic management centers (TMCs) and vehicle management centers. The development of the VANETs architecture varies from region to region. CAR-2-CAR communication consortium (C2C-CC) is the major driving force for vehicular communication in Europe. The generic domain contains Internet Infrastructure Domain and Private Infrastructure Domain.