Materials Science and Engineering, 56 (1982) 97 - 115 97
Creep Response of Strip-cast Al-lwt.%Mn-lwt.%Mg Alloy to
Thermomechanical Treatment
w. BLUM, R. KREUTZER and H. MULLER
Institut fiir Werkstoffwissenschaften L UniversiM't Erlangen-Niirnberg, Martensstrasse 5, D 8520 Erlangen (F.R.G.)
G. G. SAHA
Aerial Delivery Research and Development Establishment, Agra (Ind&)
P. RAMO RAO*
Department o f Metallurgical Engineering, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi (India)
(Received December 28, 1981)
SUMMARY
Strip -cast A l- 1 w t. %Mn- 1 w t. %Mg was sub -
]ected to thermomechanical treatment (TMT)
in order to combine a dislocation substructure
of submicron initial subgrain size Lo with
phase structure hardening, manganese either
being precipitated or not. The influence of
TMT on the mechanical properties was
investigated between room temperature and
573 K by means of tests at a constant elonga-
tion rate and creep tests. The microstructure
was investigated using transmission electron
microscopy. TMT enhances the room tem-
perature yield strength Oy according to
Oy = o ° + kL~('
where o ° and k are constants. At elevated
temperatures the maximum strength is
reached under most conditions after a small
amount of strain (a few per cent). This is due
to the microstructural changes that accom-
pany deformation. The subgrain size changes
during deformation from Lo towards a steady
state value L s, which in material which has no
precipitated manganese is inversely propor-
tional to stress. Under conditions where
Ls ~ Lo, substructural hardening is prominent.
However, for L s >> Lo, there is virtually no
hardening effect. Under intermediate condi-
tions there is an initial strain range in which
the specimen work hardens while the sub-
structure coarsens. This is interpreted in terms
of glide associated with recovery of the
dislocation structure.
*Present address: Defence Metallurgical Research
Laboratory, Hyderabad 500258, India.
1. INTRODUCTION
A fine subgrain structure introduced
through thermomechanical treatment (TMT)
can improve the strength properties of metals
and alloys [ 1 ], A striking method employed
in recent attempts to improve the properties
of high strength aluminium alloys is to
combine TMT and alloying additions to
optimize mechanical properties and corrosion
resistance [2]. Significant improvements
in room temperature strength and stress
corrosion cracking resistance have thus been
achieved [3 - 8]. However, in so far as creep
resistance is concerned, a pre-induced dis-
location substructure via TMT in several
aluminium alloys (e.g. those of the 2000 and
7000 series, as well as RR58, which are
particle strengthened) was found to be either
ineffective or deleterious [9 - 12].
In the present A1-Mn-Mg alloy which has
as much as 1.2% Mn in solid solution in the
strip-cast condition, on the basis of the
published transformation behaviour [13 - 25]
the presence of manganese was expected to
retard drastically all diffusion-controlled
reactions such as recrystallization and precipi-
tation. With manganese in solid solution the
recovery-annealing (RA) temperatures in the
alloy could easily be higher than the intended
creep test temperatures, namely around
475 K, and the substructure could be stabi-
lized through solute pinning. The choice of
this alloy was thus principally dictated by our
quest for a satisfactory answer to the problem
of preserving a stable submicron subgrain
structure which then would give rise to
significant creep strengthening, a problem
0025-5416/82/0000-0000/$02.75 © Elsevier Sequoia/Printed in The Netherlands