Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 72 (1988) 279-284 279
North-Holland, Amsterdam
SURFACE INDUCED MAGNETIC AND MAGNETO-OPTICAL PROPERTIES
IN AMORPHOUS COxY l_ x THIN FILMS
J.M. ALAMEDA, M.C. CONTRERAS
Dpto. de Fisica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Oviedo, 33007 Oviedo, Spain
and
A.R. LAGUNAS
Inst. Ciencias de los Materiales, CSIC, Serrano 144, 28006 Madrid, Spain
Received 8 June 1987; in revised form 30 December 1987
Room temperature magneto-optical spectroscopy (transverse Kerr effect) (MOKE) and transverse biased initial susceptibil-
ity (TBIS) measurements have been carried out in amorphous Co~,Y1_ x thin films (thickness: 1000 ~,). The chemical
composition range studied was 0.50 ~< x ~< 0.80. The MOKE, TBIS and coercive force show a marked dependence on x. For
x > 0.65 the MOKE parameter 8 k is positive and TBIS behaviour leads to a magnetization ripple contribution to the effective
field. When x < 0.60, 8 k is negative and TBIS behaviour may be explained by a cluster model of non-interacting magnetically
ordered regions and ,'andom distribution of associated anisotropies. At x = 0.65, two magnetic phases become apparent from
MOKE a TBIS beh:'.viour. These facts are explained by the occurrence of sublayer Co-enriched regions induced by surface
segregation of Y. Optical effects in protective Y-oxide layers may be at the origin of the change in Kerr effect polarity.
1. Introduction
Magnetic and magneto-optical properties of
thin films of Rare Earth-Transition Metal
(RE-TM) alloys, have been widely studied be-
cause of their magneto-optical storage media ap-
plications [1]. For a better understanding of many
of the observed effects, which includes surface or
interface properties [2], it will be interesting to
analyze the magnetic and magneto-optical contri-
bution arising from the 3d magnetic sublattice
alone. We have chosen amorphous COxYl_x al-
loys, where Co moment determination [3,4], NMR
[5] and FMR [6,7] studies have been already re-
ported. Room temperature magnetic properties of
strong magnetic alloys (x > 0.65), analized by
transverse biased initial susceptibilyty (TBIS) [8],
have been already reported [9]. This report con-
cerns mainly to the room temperature magnetic
and magneto-optical properties of samples which
are weakly magnetic alloys at 4.2 K. (i.e. 0.50 < x
< 0.65).
2. Experimental
Amorphous CoxYl_z films (thickness 1000 ,~)
were grown on glass substrates maintained at room
temperature. We use a special dc assisted triode-
sputtering system [10] (Ar pressure=4x 10 -4
Torr) where simultaneous codeposition from two
independently polarized Y and Co cathodes is
available. By means of a precalibration of the
sputtering rate of both cathodes versus voltage,
the ratio between Y and Co was prefixed to obtain
five different values of relative concentrations
within the range 0.50 < x ~< 0.80. Subsequent
chemical composition determination by Induc-
tively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spec-
trometry (ICP-AES) was utilized in several films
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