52 EnJourMe (English Journal of Merdeka) : Culture, Language, and Teaching of English Vol. 3 No. 2 December (2018) 52 – 60 EnJourMe (English Journal of Merdeka) : Culture, Language, and Teaching of English Journal homepage: http://jurnal.unmer.ac.id/index.php/enjourme/index A pragmatic analysis on the types and the purposes of address terms used by the main character in Jane Austen’s “EMMA” Miftahush Shalihah Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Yogyakarta, Jalan Jalan Ringroad Barat No.63, 55592, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Email: miftadialaula@unisayogya.ac.id ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: Received 19 February 2019 Received in revised form 22 April 2019 Accepted 22 April 2019 Available online 03 May 2019 This research aims to describe the types of address terms used by the main character in Jane Austen’s EMMA and to reveal the main character’s purposes in using types of address terms. Further, this study employs descriptive- qualitative method. The result of the research can be concluded as follows. First, there are 8 types of address terms. They are (a) title plus last name, (b) first name, (c) full name, (d) pet name, (e) kinship terms, (f) title plus full name, (g) occupational terms, and (h) title alone. The most frequent use of address terms is title plus last name since it is used to respect the addressees. Second, there are 6 purposes of address terms. They are (a) to show politeness, (b) to show intimacy, (c) to show social status, (d) to keep inferiority, (e) to show friendship, and (f) to show solidarity. From the study, the writer found that the address terms are mostly used in purpose to be polite to the addressees. © 2019 EnJourMe. All rights reserved. Keywords: Address terms, function of address terms, purpose of address terms, types of address terms. DOI: 10.26905/enjourme.v2i2.2747 1. Introduction When we communicate with others, we use language as a means of communication. We use language to express our idea to another. We use language in our daily activities wherever and whenever we go. We use language to send social messages about our personal identity, our characters, and our background. Our speech also provides clues to other about who we are, and perhaps what kinds of social experiences we have (Holmes, 2001). People communicate to each other not only by uttering what they want to say. They also communicate with each other by using written language such as newspaper, magazine, letter, poem, short story, comic, and novel. When people communicate by using written language, they can communicate with more people outside. He/she can communicate not only with people who are present in front of him/her but also with them who are not present there. Novel is one kind of written languages which is used as a tool of communication. Usually, a novel contains some aspects influenced by the author such as educational background, cultural background, and the author’s association with his/her community. Those aspects will affect the story and even the language used in the novel. If the readers have different culture from the culture in the novel, it is difficult for them to understand it. If they want to understand the novel, they have to know more about the cultural setting in the novel. Address terms, greeting, summon, and jargon are some kinds of speech style which become the part of culture. Every culture will have different address terms, different ways to greeting others, summon, and jargon. Address terms is a word, phrase, name, or title (or some combination of these) used in addressing someone in writing or in speech. The choice in using address term signals the relationship between language and society. It also shows how a person imagines his/her relationship with the addressee within this society. The use of address forms also reflects sociocultural change over time.